Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2020 Mar 30:cvaa078. doi: 10.1093/cvr/cvaa078

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

Published on behalf of the European Society of Cardiology. All rights reserved. © The Author(s) 2020. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.

This article is published and distributed under the terms of the Oxford University Press, Standard Journals Publication Model (https://academic.oup.com/journals/pages/open_access/funder_policies/chorus/standard_publication_model)

This article is made available via the PMC Open Access Subset for unrestricted re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for the duration of the COVID-19 pandemic or until permissions are revoked in writing. Upon expiration of these permissions, PMC is granted a perpetual license to make this article available via PMC and Europe PMC, consistent with existing copyright protections.

PMC Copyright notice

(A) The spatial and protein docking of human ACE2 protein and Spike protein of SARS-CoV-2. (B) ACE2 mRNA expression level across human organs by GTEx; (C) t-SNE plot of cell clusters in human hearts; (D). Heatmap of gene signatures of each cell type with marker genes labels; (E) Feature plot of ACE2 expression across cell types in the heart; (F) Violin plot reveals high expression of ACE2 in pericyte, and this cell type highly expresses ABCC9 (pericyte marker), but not MYH11 (SMC marker gene); (G) Violin plot reveals specifically high expression of CD209 in macrophage (co-expression with CD163); (H) Cell–cell interaction between pericyte (ligand) and other cell types (receptor) (left panel), and dominant cross-talks from pericyte to endothelial cell (EC) (right panel); (I) Cell–cell interaction between macrophage (ligand) and other cell types (receptor) (left panel), and dominant cross-talks from macrophage to EC (right panel); (J) ACE2 mRNA is increased in failing hearts (n = 40) compared to normal donors (n = 15) by RNA sequencing (P < 0.0001 by Student’s t-test); (K) ACE2 protein is increased in failing hearts (n = 8) compared to normal donors (n = 8) by proteomics (P < 0.0001 by Student’s t-test).