Table 2.
Molecular Characteristics in Relation to Sequence Type 131 (ST131) Status Among 425 Fecal Escherichia coli Strains
| Characteristic | Prevalence of Characteristic, No. (Column %) | P Value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Category | Specific Traita,b,c | Total (n = 425d) | ST131 (n = 61) | Non-ST131 (n = 364) | |
| Adhesins | papAH | 85 (20) | 5 (8) | 80 (22) | .007 |
| sfa/focDE | 69 (16) | 2 (3) | 67 (18) | .001 | |
| sfaS | 21 (5) | 0 (0) | 21 (6) | .04 | |
| afa/draBC | 11 (3) | 5 (8) | 6 (2) | .01 | |
| iha | 109 (26) | 48 (79) | 61 (17) | <.001 | |
| hra | 92 (22) | 7 (12) | 85 (23) | .02 | |
| yfcV | 207 (49) | 56 (92) | 151 (42) | <.001 | |
| Toxins | hlyD | 65 (15) | 3 (5) | 62 (17) | .007 |
| sat | 106 (25) | 47 (77) | 59 (16) | <.001 | |
| pic | 30 (7) | 0 (0) | 30 (8) | .008 | |
| vat | 129 (30) | 1 (2) | 128 (35) | <.001 | |
| astA | 27 (6) | 0 (0) | 27 (7) | .01 | |
| Siderophores | iroN | 97 (23) | 7 (12) | 90 (25) | .01 |
| fyuA | 268 (63) | 60 (98) | 208 (57) | <.001 | |
| ireA | 41 (10) | 1 (2) | 40 (11) | .01 | |
| iutA | 135 (32) | 52 (85) | 83 (23) | <.001 | |
| chuA | 306 (72) | 61 (100) | 245 (67) | <.001 | |
| Protectins | kpsM II | 231 (54) | 47 (77) | 184 (50) | <.001 |
| K1 | 81 (19) | 3 (5) | 78 (21) | .001 | |
| K5 | 42 (10) | 25 (41) | 17 (5) | <.001 | |
| K2/K100 | 15 (4) | 6 (9) | 9 (3) | .01 | |
| rfc | 23 (5) | 0 (0) | 23 (6) | .03 | |
| traT | 184 (43) | 47 (77) | 137 (38) | <.001 | |
| Miscellaneous | usp | 203 (48) | 61 (100) | 142 (39) | <.001 |
| ompT | 280 (66) | 57 (93) | 223 (61) | <.001 | |
| H7 fliC | 38 (9) | 0 (0) | 38 (10) | .002 | |
| malX | 201 (47) | 57 (93) | 144 (40) | <.001 | |
| clbB/N | 81 (19) | 1 (2) | 80 (22) | <.001 | |
| Combination | ExPEC | 178 (42) | 43 (70) | 135 (39) | .007 |
aTraits shown are those that yielded P < .05 (by Fisher’s Exact Test) for the 2-group comparison. Boldface indicates higher prevalence group. Definitions: papAH, P fimbriae major subunit; sfa/focDE, S and F1C fimbriae; sfaS, S fimbriae adhesin; afa/draBC, Dr-binding adhesins; iha, adhesin-siderophore receptor; hra, heat-resistant agglutinin; yfcV, putative chaperone-usher fimbria; hlyD, alpha hemolysin; sat, secreted autotransporter toxin; pic, protein associated with intestinal olonization; vat, vacuolating toxin; astA, enteroaggregative E. coli toxin; iroN, salmochelin receptor; fyuA yersiniabactin receptor; ireA, catecholate siderophore receptor; iutA, aerobactin receptor; chuA, heme-binding outer membrane; kpsM II, group 2 capsules; K2, K5, K2/K100, group 2 capsule variants; rfc, O4 lipopolysaccharide; traT, serum-resistance associated; usp, uropathogenic-specific protein; ompT, outer membrane protease; H7 fliC, flagellar variant; malX, pathogenicity-associated island marker; clbB/N, colibactin (polyketide) synthesis; ExPEC, extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli.
bTraits detected in ≥1 isolate but not yielding P < .05 (% of 425): focG (F1C fimbriae adhesin, 7%), gafD (G fimbriae, 1%), fimH (type-1 fimbriae adhesin, 97%), hlyF (variant hemolysin, 7%), cnf1 (cytotoxic necrotizing factor 1, 12%), cdtB (cytolethal distending toxin, 6%), kpsMT III (group 3 capsules, 3%), cvaC (microcin V, 4%), ibeA (invasion of brain endothelium A, 15%), iss (increased serum survival, 7%).
cTraits sought but not detected in any isolate: afaE8, F17, clpG, bmaE (variant mannose-resistant adhesins).
dThe 425 strains were selected to include all strains of interest, all other strains from strain-of-interest households, and all strains from the first 62 non-strain-of-interest households.