Table 5. Results of the Cox model with D_M as a time-dependent covariate.

DM	Variable	Coef.	HR	95 % CI	P-value
$D_M^{1-}$
	DM	0.877	1.60	[1.460, 1.764]	1.0×10-22
	AgeV1	0.105	1.11	[1.103, 1.120]	3.6×10-162
	SexM	0.275	1.32	[1.159, 1.494]	2.2×10-5
	IsDK	0.366	1.44	[1.219, 1.705]	1.9×10-5
	LowEduc	0.051	1.05	[0.901, 1.230]	0.517
	Smoke100	0.131	1.14	[1.005, 1.293]	0.041
$D_M^{1+}$
	DM	0.478	1.23	[1.147, 1.309]	1.8×10-9
	AgeV1	0.121	1.13	[1.121, 1.136]	5.7×10-296
	SexM	0.386	1.47	[1.309, 1.655]	9.6×10-11
	IsDK	0.324	1.38	[1.184, 1.615]	4.2×10-5
	LowEduc	0.036	1.04	[0.897, 1.199]	0.626
	Smoke100	0.133	1.14	[1.016, 1.285]	0.026
$D_M^1$
	DM	1.666	1.58	[1.442, 1.740]	7.4×10-22
	AgeV1	0.108	1.11	[1.106, 1.123]	2.7×10-175
	SexM	0.364	1.44	[1.269, 1.634]	1.7×10-8
	IsDK	0.360	1.43	[1.211, 1.698]	2.9×10-5
	LowEduc	0.055	1.06	[0.904, 1.236]	0.489
	Smoke100	0.105	1.11	[0.978, 1.261]	0.106

Notes: Variables: AgeV1: Age at visit 1, SexM: Sex (1 – male, 0 – female), IsDK: Participant is from Denmark (1) or USA (0), LowEduc: Low education (1 – below high school, 0 – otherwise), Smoke100: Smoker (1 – smoked >100 cigarettes in lifetime, 0 – otherwise).

Hazard ratios (HR) of all-cause mortality risk for D_M variables are per standard deviation: $D_M^{1-}$: 0.539, $D_M^{1+}$: 0.425, $D_M^1$: 0.276; HR for other variables are per a unit change.