Table 6. Results of the joint models applied to age-dependent D_M variants $D_{Ma}^{1-}$, $D_{Ma}^{1+}$, and $D_{Ma}^1$.

DM	Variable		Longitudinal				Survival
$D_{Ma}^{1-}$			Coef.	95% CI	P-value		Coef.	HR	95 % CI	P-value
	DM						0.562	1.31	[1.155, 1.476]	2.1×10-5
	AgeV1		0.00006	[-0.001, 0.001]	0.904		0.125	1.13	[1.125, 1.140]	9.1×10-300
	SexM		0.003	[-0.024, 0.030]	0.821		0.364	1.44	[1.268, 1.634]	1.9×10-8
	IsDK		0.045	[0.012, 0.079]	0.008		0.255	1.29	[1.089, 1.530]	0.003
	LowEduc		0.030	[-0.018, 0.077]	0.221		0.066	1.07	[0.912, 1.251]	0.413
	Smoke100		0.037	[0.010, 0.065]	0.007		0.129	1.14	[1.000, 1.292]	0.049
	DrugDiab		0.100	[0.046, 0.154]	2.7×10-8
	DrugHtn		0.011	[-0.017, 0.04]	0.427
	DrugLipid		0.017	[-0.012, 0.046]	0.247
	Fasting		-0.011	[-0.055, 0.033]	0.623
	TimeV1		-0.003	[-0.006, -0.0003]	0.032
$D_{Ma}^{1+}$
	DM						1.332	1.67	[1.419, 1.965]	6.6×10-10
	AgeV1		-0.0008	[-0.001, -0.0004]	0.040		0.127	1.14	[1.129, 1.143]	0
	SexM		-0.0008	[-0.021, 0.020]	0.939		0.376	1.46	[1.290, 1.644]	1.3×10-9
	IsDK		0.013	[-0.013, 0.038]	0.325		0.282	1.33	[1.129, 1.556]	5.7×10-4
	LowEduc		0.041	[0.006, 0.077]	0.022		-0.001	.998	[0.856, 1.165]	0.986
	Smoke100		0.024	[0.003, 0.045]	0.024		0.112	1.12	[0.989, 1.263]	0.074
	DrugDiab		0.288	[0.247, 0.330]	8.1×10-43
	DrugHtn		0.037	[0.016, 0.059]	7.3×10-4
	DrugLipid		-0.033	[-0.055, -0.010]	0.004
	Fasting		-0.029	[-0.063, 0.005]	0.098
	TimeV1		-0.001	[-0.004, 0.001]	0.321
$D_{Ma}^1$
	DM						2.246	1.70	[1.445, 2.005]	1.9×10-10
	AgeV1		-0.0002	[-0.0007, 0.0003]	0.420		0.128	1.14	[1.129, 1.145]	4.2×10-279
	SexM		0.003	[-0.011, 0.016]	0.683		0.383	1.47	[1.286, 1.674]	1.2×10-8
	IsDK		0.010	[-0.006, 0.027]	0.223		0.279	1.32	[1.109, 1.576]	0.002
	LowEduc		0.030	[0.006, 0.054]	0.013		0.023	1.02	[0.866, 1.209]	0.791
	Smoke100		0.023	[0.01, 0.037]	7.3×10-4		0.088	1.09	[0.956, 1.247]	0.196
	DrugDiab		0.157	[0.130, 0.184]	1.0×10-29
	DrugHtn		0.016	[0.002, 0.030]	0.024
	DrugLipid		-0.012	[-0.026, 0.003]	0.114
	Fasting		-0.019	[-0.042, 0.004]	0.103
	TimeV1		-0.001	[-0.003, 0.001]	0.198

Notes: Variables: AgeV1: Age at visit 1, SexM: Sex (1 – male, 0 – female), IsDK: Participant is from Denmark (1) or USA (0), LowEduc: Low education (1 – below high school, 0 – otherwise), Smoke100: Smoker (1 – smoked >100 cigarettes in lifetime, 0 – otherwise), DrugDiab: Takes (1) or does not take (0) anti-diabetic drugs, DrugHtn: Takes (1) or does not take (0) anti-hypertensive drugs, DrugLipid: Takes (1) or does not take (0) lipid-lowering drugs, Fasting: Fasting (1 – >=8 hrs., 0 – otherwise), TimeV1: Follow-up period since visit 1.