Table 2. Temporal trends of SP drug resistance haplotypes from 2012 to 2017 by study period.
| Haplotype | Kintampo 2012-2013,
n = 51 (%) |
Navrongo 2012-2013,
n = 25 (%) |
P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| IRNG | 37 (72.6) | 17 (68.0) | 0.789 |
| RNG | 6 (11.8) | 2 (8.0) | 0.714 |
| IRG | 4 (7.8) | 4 (16.0) | 0.427 |
| ING | 4 (7.8) | 2 (8.0) | 1 |
| Kintampo 2012-2013,
n = 51 (%) |
Kintampo 2016-2017,
n = 53 (%) |
||
| IRNG | 37 (72.6) | 43 (81.1) | 0.356 |
| RNG | 6 (11.8) | 6 (11.3) | 1 |
| IRG | 4 (7.8) | 1 (1.9) | 0.201 |
| ING | 4 (7.8) | 3 (5.7) | 0.713 |
| Kintampo 2016-2017,
n = 53 (%) |
Accra 2016-2017,
n = 71 |
||
| IRNG | 43 (81.1) | 58 (81.7) | 1 |
| RNG | 6 (11.3) | 2 (2.8) | 0.0722 |
| IRG | 1 (1.9) | 1 (1.4) | 1 |
| ING | 3 (5.7) | 10 (14.1) | 0.151 |
Note: Numbers include only isolates that were successfully genotyped for all the four point mutations in pfdhfr and pfdhps. Each haplotype has mutant amino acids shown in bold. aP-value based on Exact chi-square test