Table.
Deaths and case fatality attributable to and incidence of lower respiratory infections among children younger than 5 years by Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study regions and super-regions, 2017
| Deaths (95% UI) | Mortality rate per 100 000 (95% UI) | Percentage change mortality rate (95% UI), 1990–2017 | Incidence per 100 000 (95% UI) | Percentage incidence change (95% UI), 1990–2017 | Case fatality ratio (95% UI) | Attributable fraction for all risks (95% UI) | Attributable fraction for prevention-associated risks (95% UI) | Attributable fraction for protection-associated risks (95% UI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Global | 808 920 (747 286 to 873 591) | 118·9 (109·8 to 128·3) | –67·2% (−70·2 to −63·6) | 12 197·8 (9 762·1 to 14 908·7) | –32·4% (−37·5 to −27·2) | 1·0% (0·9 to 1·1) | 93·4% (90·3 to 95·7) | 65·2% (50·2 to 77·6) | 82·0% (62·6 to 92·1) |
| Central Europe, eastern Europe, and central Asia | 16 040 (14 296 to 18 051) | 57·3 (51·0 to 64·4) | –66·8% (−70·7 to −62·3) | 9 219·6 (7 103·3 to 11 586·8) | –36·3% (−43·2 to −28·6) | 0·6% (0·6 to 0·7) | 84·5% (77·5 to 89·7) | 47·8% (33·5 to 62·2) | 75·8% (53·6 to 88·4) |
| Central Asia | 13 937 (12 246 to 15 922) | 145·4 (127·7 to 166·1) | –69·9% (−73·8 to −65·2) | 6 206·9 (5 003·0 to 7 601·2) | –46·9% (−53·8 to −39·2) | 2·3% (2·2 to 2·6) | 85·1% (78·1 to 90·1) | 47·5% (32·6 to 62·2) | 77·2% (54·6 to 89·5) |
| Central Europe | 707 (632 to 795) | 12·5 (11·2 to 14·1) | –84·2% (−86·1 to −82·1) | 8 700·5 (6 862·8 to 10 868·4) | –26·9% (−34·5 to −18·2) | 0·1% (0·1 to 0·2) | 80·5% (71·7 to 87·6) | 53·0% (39·9 to 66·1) | 71·4% (47·0 to 85·5) |
| Eastern Europe | 1 396 (1 277 to 1 509) | 10·9 (10·0 to 11·8) | –78·2% (−80·2 to −76·5) | 11 710·4 (8 712·6 to 15 012·1) | –32·5% (−41·5 to −23·2) | 0·1% (0·1 to 0·1) | 81·2% (72·5 to 87·8) | 49·0% (34·2 to 63·1) | 72·6% (50·7 to 85·1) |
| High income | 1 857 (1 702 to 2 027) | 3·2 (2·9 to 3·5) | –70·6% (−73·2 to −67·9) | 4 843·7 (3 772·5 to 6 137·4) | –19·5% (−24·9 to −13·4) | 0·1% (0·1 to 0·1) | 67·7% (55·8 to 78·1) | 28·8% (16·0 to 44·7) | 66·5% (42·0 to 82·1) |
| Australasia | 42 (32 to 53) | 2·3 (1·8 to 2·9) | –65·4% (−76·2 to −53·4) | 5 798·0 (4 448·5 to 7 449·4) | 2·2% (−6·7 to 11·5) | 0·0% (0·0 to 0·0) | 66·6% (53·8 to 78·1) | 23·0% (10·1 to 41·9) | 65·8% (40·8 to 82·1) |
| High-income Asia Pacific | 180 (163 to 197) | 2·4 (2·2 to 2·6) | –72·2% (−75·9 to −68·4) | 8 472·0 (6 595·5 to 10 872·2) | –3·9% (−14·8 to 8·2) | 0·0% (0·0 to 0·0) | 75·3% (63·3 to 84·6) | 33·3% (20·9 to 48·9) | 70·5% (43·5 to 85·9) |
| High-income North America | 684 (618 to 742) | 3·2 (2·9 to 3·5) | –60·6% (−65·9 to −56·2) | 4 791·2 (3 679·0 to 6 155·8) | –29·6% (−33·9 to −25·3) | 0·1% (0·1 to 0·1) | 57·1% (43·7 to 70·2) | 21·0% (9·1 to 37·6) | 61·0% (36·9 to 78·4) |
| Southern Latin America | 568 (466 to 696) | 11·1 (9·1 to 13·6) | –77·5% (−82·0 to −72·3) | 11 895·3 (9 444·5 to 14 789·3) | –11·2% (−23·8 to 2·8) | 0·1% (0·1 to 0·1) | 78·3% (67·7 to 86·7) | 37·1% (19·7 to 56·4) | 73·2% (48·2 to 87·0) |
| Western Europe | 383 (350 to 426) | 1·7 (1·6 to 1·9) | –72·0% (−75·6 to −68·8) | 1 940·4 (1 526·6 to 2 431·0) | –19·1% (−24·6 to −13·2) | 0·1% (0·1 to 0·1) | 67·4% (55·2 to 78·1) | 28·1% (16·0 to 43·6) | 64·5% (40·9 to 80·1) |
| Latin America and Caribbean | 21 606 (19 618 to 24 079) | 42·4 (38·5 to 47·3) | –79·1% (−81·9 to −75·8) | 12 192·4 (9 920·3 to 14 782·1) | –37·4% (−42·4 to −31·9) | 0·3% (0·3 to 0·4) | 78·8% (70·5 to 85·9) | 44·5% (30·5 to 58·4) | 72·4% (45·9 to 87·8) |
| Andean Latin America | 3 787 (2 988 to 4 694) | 56·5 (44·6 to 70·0) | –87·0% (−90·0 to −83·3) | 16 610·1 (14 120·4 to 19 324·6) | –40·3% (−46·5 to −33·0) | 0·3% (0·3 to 0·4) | 74·7% (64·8 to 83·0) | 40·0% (23·0 to 57·9) | 68·6% (40·4 to 86·2) |
| Caribbean | 3 932 (2 985 to 5 131) | 100·5 (76·3 to 131·2) | –51·8% (−63·9 to −35·7) | 11 164·6 (8 986·4 to 13 596·2) | –9·9% (−18·2 to 0·5) | 0·9% (0·8 to 1·0) | 89·3% (84·1 to 93·2) | 68·9% (53·4 to 81·9) | 76·7% (52·9 to 90·1) |
| Central Latin America | 9 257 (8 062 to 10 826) | 38·3 (33·3 to 44·7) | –73·6% (−77·4 to −68·5) | 15 259·9 (12 336·1 to 18 680·2) | –39·9% (−45·4 to −33·9) | 0·3% (0·2 to 0·3) | 78·9% (70·7 to 85·6) | 41·8% (26·9 to 56·8) | 72·5% (45·2 to 88·0) |
| Tropical Latin America | 4 630 (4 163 to 5 158) | 28·8 (25·9 to 32·0) | –85·8% (−88·6 to −83·7) | 5 990·7 (4 896·3 to 7 296·4) | –45·2% (−49·3 to −40·9) | 0·5% (0·4 to 0·5) | 73·2% (62·3 to 82·7) | 28·0% (17·2 to 41·5) | 70·6% (41·9 to 87·4) |
| North Africa and Middle East | 43 558 (37 550 to 49 735) | 67·7 (58·3 to 77·3) | –76·5% (−80·7 to −71·1) | 19 258·4 (15 414·9 to 23 501·0) | –25·6% (−32·2 to −19·0) | 0·4% (0·3 to 0·4) | 91·9% (87·6 to 94·9) | 62·3% (46·8 to 75·6) | 81·1% (58·5 to 92·3) |
| South Asia | 249 595 (225 643 to 275 313) | 143·1 (129·4 to 157·9) | –71·2% (−74·9 to −66·7) | 13 153·1 (10 465·5 to 16 238·0) | –22·7% (−28·7 to −16·2) | 1·1% (1·0 to 1·2) | 95·9% (93·9 to 97·4) | 65·4% (50·5 to 77·3) | 83·2% (66·8 to 92·1) |
| Southeast Asia, east Asia, and Oceania | 63 661 (58 190 to 69 821) | 45·0 (41·1 to 49·3) | –85·7% (−87·2 to −83·7) | 13 383·7 (10 686·7 to 16 401·7) | –38·8% (−44·3 to −32·3) | 0·3% (0·3 to 0·4) | 88·7% (83·6 to 92·8) | 61·2% (45·3 to 75·0) | 78·8% (56·2 to 90·8) |
| East Asia | 22 824 (20 743 to 25 438) | 27·1 (24·6 to 30·2) | –90·7% (−91·9 to −89·2) | 9 376·4 (7 387·3 to 11 625·0) | –54·8% (−59·6 to −49·2) | 0·3% (0·3 to 0·3) | 83·2% (76·5 to 88·9) | 61·5% (41·9 to 77·8) | 70·9% (46·3 to 85·7) |
| Oceania | 1 770 (1 295 to 2 325) | 99·5 (72·8 to 130·7) | –48·1% (−63·1 to −26·9) | 16 573·7 (13 249·1 to 20 596·4) | –12·5% (−22·0 to −1·8) | 0·6% (0·5 to 0·6) | 93·1% (89·9 to 95·6) | 68·3% (50·0 to 82·7) | 85·2% (64·2 to 94·7) |
| Southeast Asia | 39 066 (34 532 to 44 291) | 70·2 (62·1 to 79·6) | –80·7% (−83·5 to −77·1) | 19 344·3 (15 535·4 to 23 655·9) | –20·7% (−27·5 to −13·0) | 0·4% (0·3 to 0·4) | 91·7% (87·5 to 94·8) | 61·2% (46·0 to 74·3) | 82·6% (61·1 to 93·1) |
| Sub-Saharan Africa | 412 604 (357 299 to 471 442) | 252·5 (218·7 to 288·6) | –62·9% (−67·6 to −56·8) | 10 493·2 (8 558·0 to 12 858·7) | –34·5% (−39·0 to −29·4) | 2·4% (2·2 to 2·6) | 94·0% (90·9 to 96·2) | 68·0% (50·6 to 81·8) | 82·8% (61·9 to 93·2) |
| Central sub-Saharan Africa | 47 357 (37 232 to 58 184) | 239·7 (188·4 to 294·5) | –61·8% (−69·9 to −51·0) | 11 728·4 (9 490·0 to 14 347·2) | –28·4% (−36·3 to −19·7) | 2·0% (2·0 to 2·1) | 94·2% (91·0 to 96·4) | 68·5% (48·8 to 83·9) | 82·9% (58·6 to 94·3) |
| Eastern sub-Saharan Africa | 111 613 (99 529 to 124 670) | 176·3 (157·2 to 196·9) | –71·2% (−75·4 to −65·6) | 12 894·4 (10 363·6 to 15 813·8) | –33·7% (−38·7 to −28·6) | 1·4% (1·2 to 1·5) | 93·3% (90·0 to 95·7) | 66·7% (51·4 to 78·4) | 81·3% (59·0 to 92·6) |
| Southern sub-Saharan Africa | 10 513 (9 192 to 12 063) | 123·1 (107·7 to 141·3) | –54·7% (−61·5 to −46·6) | 7 357·1 (6 032·7 to 8 847·9) | –30·3% (−35·5 to −24·5) | 1·7% (1·6 to 1·8) | 87·4% (81·5 to 92·1) | 51·9% (36·5 to 66·3) | 77·0% (51·0 to 90·7) |
| Western sub-Saharan Africa | 243 122 (198 471 to 290 155) | 338·7 (276·5 to 404·3) | –60·2% (−67·1 to −50·7) | 8 408·3 (6 875·4 to 10 219·7) | –37·7% (−42·7 to −31·7) | 4·0% (4·0 to 4·0) | 94·5% (91·7 to 96·5) | 69·3% (49·0 to 84·9) | 83·8% (63·7 to 93·8) |
Estimates for every country are available in the appendix (pp 67–92). UI=uncertainty interval.