Table 1.
RIG-I and IFITs target viruses with 5PPP RNA genomes. For selected RNA viruses, recognition by RIG-I and restriction by IFITs is indicated.
| Virus (family) | 5′-end of genome | RIG-I recognition | IFIT restriction | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Influenza A virus (Orthomyxoviridae) | PPP | Yes | Yes | [9••, 12, 13, 38] |
| Vesicular stomatitis virus (Rhabdoviridae) | PPP | Yes | Yes | [9••, 38, 46] |
| Rift Valley fever virus (Bunyaviridae) | PPP | Yes | Yes | [9••, 14•, 52] |
| Encephalomyocarditis virus (Picornaviridae) | VPg protein | No | No | [9••, 38] |
| Sendai virus (Paramyxoviridae) | PPP | Yes | Not testeda | [12, 13, 38] |
| Hantaan virus; Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever virus (Bunyaviridae) | P | No | Not tested | [52] |
| Borna disease virus (Bornaviridae) | P | No | Not tested | [52] |
a
IFIT1 inhibits viral mRNA translation of parainfluenza virus type 5, another member of the paramyxovirus family [54]. The mechanism of inhibition is unknown but is unlikely to involve 5PPP RNA binding as viral mRNAs are capped.