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. 2019 Aug 26;246:112184. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.112184

Table 3.

List of 289 use reports (UR) for 240 homemade herbal remedies reports containing a single herb (HSHR): route of administration, categories of use, and target animal species.

Botanical family (Number of named plant species in the family) Plant species with ≥3 named HSHR (Number indicate the frequency of use reports) (Numbers indicate the frequency of use reports)
Total different use reports
Routs of administration
Categories of use
Target animal species
External
Internal
Treatment of housing environment QD QA QG QG 52 QM QR Othersg Cattle Horse Othersh
I A OR IH IU
Lineaceae (1) Linum usitatissimum L. (35)
Semen (35) 5 30 4 24 3 1 3 29 5 1 35
Rubiaceae (1) Coffea L. (28)
Semen (28) 28 21 1 6 26 1 1 28
Asteraceae (11) All Asteraceae (45) 4 18 23 19 18 3 2 2 1 38 3 4 45
Matricaria chamomilla L. (19)
Flos (17) 3 14 3 12 2 16 1 17
Herba (2) 2 2 2 2
Calendula officinalis L. (16)
Flos and flos sine calice (11) 1 10i 11 8 1 2 11
Herba (5) 1 4 4 1 4 1 5
Achillea millefoliumL. (4)
Herba (4) 4 1 3 4 4
Others Asteraceae (6)a 2j 1 3 1 3 1j 1 4 1 1 6
Theaceae (1) Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze. (16)
Folium (16) 1 15 15 1 15 1 16
Berberidaceae(1) Berberis vulgaris L. (14)
Herba (14)o 14 14 14 14
Apiaceae (4) All Apiaceae (27) 1 20 6 19 3 2 1 2 13 10 4 27
Sanicula europaea L. (21)
Folium (18) 17 1 17 1 10 7 1 18
Flos (3) 3 2 1 1 2 3
OthersApiaceae (6) b 1 5 2 2 1 1 3 2 1 6
Fagaceae (1) Quercus robur L. (9)
Cortex (9) 8 1 8 1 9 9
Boraginaceae (1) Symphytum officinale L. (6)
Radix (3) 1 2 1 1 1 2 1 3
Folium (2) 1 1 1 1 1 1 2
n.a 1k 1k 1 1
Urticaceae (1) Urtica dioica L. (6)
Herba (6) 1 5 1 1 4 3 3 6
Hypericaceae (1) Hypericum perforatumL. (9)
Flos (8) 1 7 7 1 3 2 3 8
Herba (1) 1 1 1 1
Pinaceae (2) All Pinaceae (9) 1 1 7 2 3 3 1 5 1 3 9
Abies alba MILL .(5)
Herba (5) p 5 3 1 1 1 1 3 5
Picea abies (L.) H. Karst. (4)
Herba (2) q 2 2 2 2
Resina (2) 1 1 2 2 2
Aquifoliaceae (1) Ilex aquifolium L. (4)o
Herba (4) 4 4 4 4
Aspleniaceae (1) Phyllitis scolopéndrium (L.) Newman (3)
Folium (3) 3 3 3 3
Malvaceae (2) All Malvaceae (6) 4 2 4 1 1 4 2 6
Malva neglecta Wallr. (4)
Folium (1) 1 1 1 1
Herba (3) 2 1 2 1 2 1 3
Others Malvaceae (2)c 1 1 1 1 1 1 2
Lamiaceae (7) All Lamiaceae (11) 1 3 4 1 2 2 2 1 1 5 6 2 3 11
Thymus vulgarisL. (4)
Herba (4) 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 4
Others speciesd (7) 1m 2l,n 2 1 1m 1 1 1n 4l 4 2 1 7
Rosaceae (6) All Rosaceae (9) 6 3 3 3 1 2 7 1 1 9
Prunus spinosa L. (3)
Herba (3)o 3 3 3 3
Others Rosaceaee (6) 6 3 1 2 4 1 1 6
Gentianaceae (1) Gentiana lutea L. (5)
Radix (5) 5 5 5 5
Others (37) 37 other plant speciesf (47) 4 12 25 1 5 15 11 5 2 2 3 9 34 9 4 47
Total (77) Total (289) 19 71 168 1 2 28 97 111 20 6 6 13 36 219 39 31 289

n.a. information not available.

I - intact skin; A - alterated or sore skin; OR - oral; IH - inhalation; IU – intravaginal/intrauterine; QD – dermatologicals; QA – alimentary tract and metabolism; QG – genito-urinary system and sex hormones; QG52 – mastitis; QM – musculo-skeletal system; QR – respiratory system (WHO, 2018).

a

Arnica montana L. (2), Matricaria discoidea DC. (2), Leontopodium nivale subsp. alpinum (Cass.) Greuter. (1), Bellis perennis L. (1).

b

Carum carvi L (2)., Daucus carota L.(2), Petroselinum crispum (Mill.) Fuss (1) Peucedanum ostruthium (L.) W.D.J. Koch (1).

c

Malva sylvestris L. (2).

d

Salvia officinalis L. (1), Mentha canadensis L. (1) Origanum vulgare L.(1), Mentha longifolia (L.) L. (1), Lavandula × intermedia Emeric ex Loisel. (1), Lavandula angustifolia Mill (2).

e

Alchemilla xanthochlora Rothm. (1), Rosa canina L. (1), Malus domestica Borkh.(1), Sorbus aucuparia L. (2), Rubus idaeus L. (1).

f

Allium cepa L.(2) (Liliaceae), Allium sativum L. (1) (Liliaceae), Aristolochia clematitis L. (1) (Aristolochiaceae); Atropa belladonna.L. (1) (Solanaceae), Beta vulgaris L. (subsp. vulgaris) (1) (Amaranthaceae), Brassica oleracea L. (convar. capitata var. sabauda L.) (1) (Brassicaceae), Chelidonium majus L. (1) (Papaveraceae), Cinnamomum camphora (L.) J.Presl (2) (Lauraceae), Cinnamomum verum J.Presl (1) (Lauraceae), Citrus x aurantium L.(1) (Rutaceae), Citrus limon (L.) Osbeck (2) (Rutaceae), Cucumis sativus L. (1) (Curcubitaceae), Equisetum arvense L. (2) (Equisetaceae), (Myrtaceae), Fagopyrum esculentum Moench (1) (Polygonaceae), Geranium robertianum L. (1) (Geraniaceae), Harpagophytum procumbens (Burch.) DC ex Meisn.(1), (Pedaliaceae), Hordeum vulgare L. (1) (Poaceae), Juglans regia L. (2) (Juglandaceae), Juniperus communis L. (2) (Cupressaceae), Melaleuca alternifolia (Maiden & Betche) Cheel (2) (Myrtaceae), Oryza sativa L. (2) (Poaceae), Plantago lanceolata L. (1) (Plantaginaceae), Plantago media L. (1) (Plantaginaceae), Polygonum aviculare L. (1) (Polygonaceae Raphanus raphanistrum subsp. sativus (L.) Domin (1) (Brassicaceae), Rhamnus alpina L. (1) (Rhamnaceae), Rhamnus cathartica L. (1) (Rhamnaceae), Rumex conglomeratus Murray (1) (Polygonaceae), Rumex obtusifolius L. (1) (Polygonaceae), Sambucus nigra L. (1) (Caprifoliaceae), Sinapis alba L. (1) (Brassicaceae), Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merr. & L.M.Perry (1) (Myrtaceae), Trigonella foenum-graecum L.(1) (Polygonaceae), Triticum aestivum L.(1) (Poaceae), Veratrum album L.(1) (Melanthiaceae), Zingiber officinale Roscoe (1) (Zingiberaceae).

g

Parasites, general strengthening, behaviour, sensory organs, varia.

h

Sheep, goats, hens, rabbits.

i

Calendula ointment Sanicare (online pharmacy), Bombastus-Werke AG used in 1 remedy for 1 use report.

j

Arnica tincture (pharmacy) used in 1 remedy for 1 use report.

k

Comfrey gel (drugstore) used in 1 remedy for 1 use report.

l

Lavendula angustifolia oil (internet: aroma-zone.com) used in 2 remedies for 2 use report.

m

Lavendula x hybrid oil (internet: aroma-zone.com) with alcohol mixed, used in 1 remedy for 1 use report.

n

NJP Liniment(R) Swissgenetics (containing Mentha arvenses L. var. piperascens) used in 1 use report.

o

Plant part: twigs.

p

Plant Part: buds in two remedies, twigs in 3 remedies.

q

Plant part: buds.