Table 4.
Demographic data and clinical symptoms observed in HRV-A or HRV-C infected children.
| HRV-A | HRV-A/RSV | HRV-C | HRV-C/RSV | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Single infection | Co-infections | Single infection | Co-infections | |
| (N = 21) | (N = 18) | (N = 16) | (N = 14) | |
| Age (months) | ||||
| ≤6a | 8 (38.10%) | 14 (77.78%) | 4 (25%) | 10 (71.43%) |
| 6.1 to ≤12 | 4 (19.05%) | 2 (11.11%) | 2 (12.5%) | 4 (28.57) |
| 12.1 to ≤24 | 2 (9.52%) | 1 (5.56%) | 2 (12.5%) | 0 |
| 24.1 to ≤36 | 2 (9.52%) | 1 (5.56%) | 2 (12.5%) | 0 |
| 36.1 to ≤72 | 2 (9.52%) | 0 | 3 (18.75%) | 0 |
| >72.1 | 3 (14.29%) | 0 | 3 (18.75%) | 0 |
| Range | 1.2–141.2 | 1–26.3 | 1.2–159.8 | 1–11 |
| Medianb | 12 | 4.55 | 24.45 | 4 |
| Male (%) | 17 (80.95%) | 13 (72.22%) | 12 (75%) | 10 (71.43%) |
| Symptoms and signs | ||||
| Cough | 20 (95.24%) | 18 (100%) | 15 (93.75%) | 14 (100%) |
| Shortness of breathc | 6 (28.57%) | 13 (72.22%) | 6 (37.5%) | 11 (78.57%) |
| Fever | 11 (52.38%) | 5 (27.78%) | 7 (43.75%) | 5 (35.71%) |
| Swelling of tonsils | 2 (9.52%) | 0 | 1 (6.25%) | 1 (7.14%) |
| Expectoration | 10 (47.62%) | 4 (22.22%) | 4 (25%) | 4 (28.57%) |
| Rhinorrhea | 3 (14.29%) | 3 (16.67%) | 3 (18.75%) | 1 (7.14%) |
| Sneezing | 1 (4.76%) | 0 | 1 (6.25%) | 0 |
| Abnormal breath sounds on auscultation | 16 (76.19%) | 16 (88.89%) | 11 (68.75%) | 13 (92.86%) |
| Duration of hospitalization (days) | ||||
| Range | 3–42 | 5–37 | 3–29 | 5–11 |
| Median | 10 | 12.5 | 10 | 9 |
| Mean | 14.33 ± 10.15 | 14.83 ± 9.34 | 11.6 ± 6.51 | 8.71 ± 1.38 |
| Severity | ||||
| Mild | 4 (19.05%) | 2 (11.11%) | 2 (12.5%) | 1 (7.14%) |
| Severe (I)d | 9 (42.86%) | 6 (33.33%) | 8 (50%) | 5 (35.71%) |
| Severe (II)d | 7 (33.33%) | 5 (27.78%) | 4 (25%) | 8 (57.14%) |
| Severe (III)d | 1 (4.76%) | 5 (27.78%) | 2 (12.5%) | 0 |
| Respiratory failure | 4 (19.05%) | 9 (50%) | 2 (12.5%) | 1 (7.14%) |
| Nasal continuous positive airway pressure | 4 (19.05%) | 6 (33.33%) | 0 | 1 (7.14%) |
Fisher exact test: HRV-A single infection vs HRV-A/RSV dual infection, P2tail = 0.02; HRV-C single infection vs HRV-C/RSV dual infection, P2tail = 0.02.
Fisher exact test: HRV-A single infection vs HRV-A/RSV dual infection, P2tail = 0.049; HRV-C single infection vs HRV-C/RSV dual infection, P2tail = 0.009.
Fisher exact test: HRV-A single infection vs HRV-A/RSV dual infection, P2tail = 0.01; HRV-C single infection vs HRV-C/RSV dual infection, P2tail = 0.015.
In the disease severity assessment, children who had one of the three severe indices in Table 1 were labeled severe (I), children who had two of three severe indices were labeled severe (II) , and children who had all the three severe indices were labeled severe (III).