Multiple alignments of the amino acid sequences at the N-terminus of the S1 subunit of the spike protein in 47 viruses of the GVI-1 lineage. The 47 GVI-1 strains included strains CO8089L and CO8091L which were isolated from Colombia and 45 GVI-1 strains included in Fig. 1. The 45 GVI-1 viruses included 37 isolated in China, seven in the Republic of Korea, and one from Vietnam. The amino acid sequences of TC07–2 are listed and only the amino acids that differed from those of TC07–2 are shown. The sequences that contained the hypervariable region 1 are indicated in bold. The deleted nucleotides are represented as “–”. The sequences of CK/CH/2014/QL1403, LHB/110615, LHB/110617, CK/CH/HN10/05, CK/CH/GD/KP10, and ck/CH/IBTZ/2012 share an identical sequence with that of TC07–2; hence, only the TC07–2 sequence is listed in the alignment. The CK/CH/GX/YL1501–2, CK/CH/HuB/HC1402–1, CK/CH/GX/NN16–11, GX-QZ130064, and GX-QZ130065 sequences are identical and only the sequence for CK/CH/GX/YL1501–2 is shown. IBV strains K/CH/GX/NN11–4, GX-NN120079, CK CH GD YX1101, and GX-NN09032 had the same sequences and the sequence of K/CH/GX/NN11–4 is presented. The sequences of VNUA11, I0221/17, and CK/CH/GD/XX16–9 were identical and the sequence of VNUA11 is shown. The sequence pairs of CK CH HB HC1104 and CK/CH/HB/2016, I0916/16 and CK/CH/GX/GL16, GX-NN120084 and GX-NN120089, CK/CH/GX/NN16–2 and GXNanningHuangdajiu2016.8, as well as K23/10 and K46/10 are identical, and only each sequence of the former viruses are listed, respectively, in this alignment. The GenBank accession numbers for the S1 gene sequences of the viruses are the same as those presented in Fig. 1.