Table 1.
Baseline characteristics for older adults with ST elevation myocardial infarction and cardiogenic shock.
| Variable | Overall | No PCI | PCI | p-value* |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unweight No. (%) | 22,774 (100) | 13,165 (57.8) | 9,609 (42.2) | - |
| Weighted No. (%) | 111,901 (100) | 64,682 (57.8) | 47,213 (42.2) | - |
| Age, mean ±SE | 82.0 ± 0.04 | 82.6 ± 0.6 | 81.2 ± 0.05 | <0.001 |
| Female (%) | 53.5 | 54.5 | 52.2 | <0.001 |
| Minority (non-white) (%) | 16.1 | 16.2 | 16.0 | 0.739 |
| Cardiovascular Risk Factors (%) | ||||
| Hypertension | 45.8 | 43.9 | 46.9 | <0.001 |
| Diabetes without Chronic Complications | 18.8 | 19.2 | 18.2 | 0.047 |
| Obesity | 2.0 | 1.7 | 2.5 | <0.001 |
| Valvular Heart Disease | 13.0 | 15.4 | 9.7 | <0.001 |
| Peripheral Vascular Disease | 8.7 | 8.9 | 8.7 | 0.308 |
| Congestive Heart Failure | 37.7 | 43.7 | 29.6 | <0.001 |
| Non-Cardiovascular Diagnoses (%) | ||||
| Chronic Pulmonary Disease | 17.2 | 17.7 | 16.4 | 0.014 |
| Renal Failure | 13.3 | 13.7 | 12.8 | 0.045 |
| Coagulopathy | 9.1 | 8.4 | 9.9 | <0.001 |
| Weight Loss | 4.4 | 4.5 | 4.3 | 0.556 |
| Fluid and Electrolytes Disorder | 35.2 | 36.1 | 33.9 | 0.001 |
| Chronic Blood Loss Anemia | 1.7 | 1.5 | 2.0 | 0.004 |
| Alcohol Abuse | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 0.446 |
| No. of Chronic Conditions, mean ±SE | 7.7 ± 0.05 | 7.7 ± 0.07 | 7.7 ± 0.07 | 0.729 |
| Charlson comorbidity index, mean ±SE | 2.8 (1.6) | 2.9 (1.6) | 2.7 (1.6) | <0.001 |
| Expected Primary Payer, (%) | 0.076 | |||
| Medicare | 91 | 91 | 91 | |
| Medicaid | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.3 | |
| Private | 6 | 6 | 7 | |
| Self-pay, no charge, other | 1.7 | 1.7 | 0.7 | |
| Hospital Characteristics | ||||
| Hospital Size (%) | <0.001 | |||
| Small | 9 | 11 | 6 | |
| Medium | 23 | 25 | 20 | |
| Large | 68 | 65 | 73 | |
| Hospital Location (%) | <0.001 | |||
| Rural | 10 | 13 | 6 | |
| Urban | 9 | 9 | 9 | |
| Hospital Region, (%) | <0.001 | |||
| Northeast | 22 | 25 | 18 | |
| Midwest/North Central | 23 | 21 | 26 | |
| South | 34 | 33 | 35 | |
| West | 20 | 20 | 22 | |
| Length of stay, mean ±SE | 8.25 ± 0.11 | 7.77 ± 0.14 | 8.91 ± 0.12 | <0.001 |
| Total Charges, dollars, mean ±SE | 88,211± 1,997 | 69,844 ± 1,971 | 114,990 ± 2,639 | <0.001 |
| Disposition of Patient (%) | <0.001 | |||
| Home | 12 | 6 | 19 | |
| Facility/other | 34 | 32 | 38 | |
| Died | 54 | 62 | 43 |
Abbreviations: CHF = congestive heart failure; No = number.
% may not add to 100 because of rounding
*
Significance defined as p < 0.05.