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. 2009 Aug 20;25(1):100–106. doi: 10.1016/j.envsoft.2009.07.015

Table 7a.

First difference dynamic estimates – infections.

Variables SARS Avian Flu
ΔTouristiit−1 0.544*** (290.15) 0.855*** (0.0003)
ΔSARSIit −580.164*** (−965.31) –
ΔAFIit – −2573.873 (2124.30)



m2 −0.041 0.057
Sargan test (d.f.) 5.9049(7) P-value = 0.551 4.379(4) P-value = 0.357
No. observations 90 246

Standard errors are in parentheses; *** denotes significance at the 1% level, Method of estimation: GMM–DIFF by Arellano and Bond (1991) 2-step estimation, Estimates are obtained using instruments to Touristit−2 to Touristit−4.