Appendix 5.

Association Between Weakness and Time to Mortality for 1:2 Matching Using the Strong Cohort as the Reference.

	Hazard Ratio	95% Confidence Interval
Weakness (Ref: Strong)	1.57	1.35, 1.83
White Race (Ref: Not-White)	1.44	0.90, 2.32
Black Race (Ref: Not-Black)	1.49	0.89, 2.49
Male (Ref: Not-Male)	1.61	1.37, 1.89
Age	0.92	0.89, 0.95
Body Mass Index	0.98	0.97, 0.99
Current Smoker (Ref: Non-Smoker)	1.62	1.22, 2.16
Previous Smoker (Ref: Non-Smoker)	1.37	1.16, 1.63
Cognitive Impairment (Ref: No Impairment)	1.82	1.33, 2.48
Stroke (Ref: No Stroke)	1.08	0.85, 1.35
Chronic Lung Disease (Ref: No Lung Disease)	1.29	1.07, 1.54
Heart Condition (Ref: No Heart Condition)	1.10	0.93, 1.30
Cancer (Ref: No Cancer)	1.16	0.96, 1.39
Diabetes (Ref: No Diabetes)	1.39	1.16, 1.67
ADL Disability (Ref: No ADL Disability)	1.42	1.20, 1.68
Arthritis (Ref: No Arthritis)	0.68	0.56, 0.81
Emotional or Psychiatric Diagnosis (Ref: No Diagnosis)	1.04	0.85, 1.27
Hospitalization (Ref: No Hospitalization)	1.39	1.19, 1.63
Nursing Home Stay (Ref: No Nursing Home)	1.07	0.75, 1.55
Self-Rated Health (Ref: Excellent)
Very Good	0.95	0.61, 1.49
Good	1.27	0.82, 1.95
Fair	1.62	1.05, 2.51
Poor	2.40	1.52, 3.81

Note: ADL=Activities of Daily Living, Ref=Reference.