Table 2.
Multivariate analysis of periodontitis and risk factors for IA formation among the studied intracranial aneurysm patients from Kuopio University Hospital (KUH IA patients) and matched controls
| Variable | Cases | Odds ratio | 95%CI | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Model 1 | ||||
| Age | 144 | 0.950 | 0.912–0.989 | 0.013* |
| Gender | ||||
| Male | 51/144 | 1 | ||
| Female | 93/144 | 1.869 | 0.690–5.063 | 0.219 |
| Hypertension | ||||
| No confirmed hypertension | 62/144 | 1 | ||
| Confirmed hypertension | 82/144 | 1.172 | 0.469–2.925 | 0.734 |
| Smoking status | ||||
| Non-smoking | 74/144 | 1 | ||
| Intermittent smoking | 18/144 | 0.180 | 0.020–1.621 | 0.126 |
| Daily smoking | 52/144 | 1.717 | 0.654–4.504 | 0.272 |
| Periodontitis* | ||||
| No periodontitis | 29/144 | 1 | ||
| Periodontitis | 61/144 | 5.315 | 1.089–25.935 | 0.039* |
| Severe periodontitis | 54/144 | 6.312 | 1.270–31.372 | 0.024* |
| Model 2 | ||||
| Age | 144 | 0.959 | 0.920–1.000 | 0.048* |
| Gender | ||||
| Male | 51/144 | 1 | ||
| Female | 93/144 | 2.377 | 0.777–7.268 | 0.129 |
| Hypertension | ||||
| No confirmed hypertension | 62/144 | 1 | ||
| Confirmed hypertension | 82/144 | 1.088 | 0.434–2.728 | 0.858 |
| Smoking status | ||||
| Non-smoking | 74/144 | 1 | ||
| Intermittent smoking | 18/144 | 0.228 | 0.024–2.138 | 0.195 |
| Daily smoking | 52/144 | 3.045 | 0.995–9.318 | 0.051 |
| Gingival bleeding** | ||||
| 0–1 sextants | 42/144 | 1 | ||
| 2–3 sextants | 35/144 | 12.475 | 1.331–116.905 | 0.027* |
| 4–6 sextants | 67/144 | 34.356 | 4.196–281.305 | < 0.001* |
In logistic regression analysis, age, gender, periodontitis determined by depth of periodontal pockets, and gingival bleeding determined by bleeding on probing (BOP) were associated with the presence of unruptured or ruptured IAs (models 1 and 2). Comparisons were made between the KUH IA patient cohort including patients with unruptured (n = 41) and ruptured IAs (n = 33), and an age- and gender-matched subgroup of Health 2000 Survey participants (n = 70) from the same geographical region as the patient referral catchment area of KUH Neurosurgery
*Periodontal probing depth was categorized according to the presence of at least one tooth with ≥ 6 mm probing depth (severe periodontitis), 4–5 mm probing depth (periodontitis), or with no teeth having ≥ 4 mm probing depth (no periodontitis)
**Gingival bleeding was defined as a number of tooth sextants in which bleeding occurred from the gingival margin on probing. Periodontal probing depth and gingival bleeding on probing were not included in the models simultaneously due to high intervariable correlation