TABLE 4.

Bacteria, fungi, and enzymes associated with polypropylene (PP) biodegradation.

Strain/Enzyme	Isolated source	Tested PP	Incubation time, d	Weight loss, %	Molecular weight	Degradation products	References
Pseudomonas stutzeri; Bacillus subtilis; Bacillus flexus	Plastic-dumping site	PP film	365	–	–	Detected	Arkatkar et al., 2010
Phanerochaete chrysosporium; Engyodontium album	Plastic-dumping site	PP film	365	4–5	–	Detected	Jeyakumar et al., 2013
Stenotrophomonas panacihumi	Soil of waste storage yard	PP film	90	–	Increased	–	Jeon and Kim, 2016b
Aneurinibacillus aneurinilyticus; Brevibacillus agri; Brevibacillus sp.; Brevibacillus brevis	Landfills and sewage	PP film and pellets	140	22.8–27.0	–	Detected	Skariyachan et al., 2018
Bacillus sp. strain 27; Rhodococcus sp. strain 36	Mangrove environments	PP microplastic	40	4–6.4	–	–	Auta et al., 2018