Table 1.
Comparison of characteristics of prevalent cases and incident cases of delirium in inpatients with PD
| Prevalent Delirium | Incident Delirium | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No Delirium, n = 35 | Prevalent Delirium, n = 18 | No Delirium, n = 23 | Incident Delirium, n = 30 | |||||||||
| Mean | SD | Mean | SD | t/Z | P Value | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | t/Z | P Value | |
| Age | 74.4 | 11 | 79.2 | 6.1 | t = −2.1 | .044 | 72.6 | 11.7 | 78.6 | 7.3 | t = −2.2 | .037 |
| Education, y | 12.3 | 3.3 | 12.1 | 2.7 | Z = −0.1 | .929 | 12.6 | 3.6 | 12 | 2.6 | Z = −0.7 | .497 |
| MDS‐UPDRS III | 49.7 | 14.7 | 56.4 | 17.7 | t = −1.4 | .158 | 48 | 15.1 | 55.3 | 15.3 | t = −1.6 | .118 |
| Hoehn and Yahr stage | 3.5 | 1 | 4.3 | 0.8 | Z = −2.5 | .012 | 3.4 | 1 | 4 | 1 | Z = −2.2 | .025 |
| PD duration, y | 6.3 | 4.5 | 6.8 | 4.9 | Z = −0.5 | .612 | 6.4 | 5.1 | 6.5 | 4.3 | Z = −0.4 | .693 |
| No. of comorbidities | 5.1 | 2.2 | 6.1 | 1.6 | Z = −1.6 | .104 | 5.1 | 2.5 | 5.6 | 1.7 | Z = −0.7 | .484 |
| No. of medications | 10.2 | 3.7 | 10.9 | 3.2 | Z = −0.7 | .46 | 9.8 | 3.8 | 10.9 | 3.2 | Z = −1.4 | .161 |
| LEDD, mg/day | 690.3 | 530.1 | 590.4 | 432.5 | Z = −0.5 | .598 | 617.9 | 492.5 | 685.9 | 507.1 | Z = −0.4 | .726 |
| Hospital stay duration | 6.2 | 6 | 14.7 | 15.1 | Z = −2.9 | .004 | ||||||
| Clinical Frailty Scale | 5.1 | 1.4 | 6.8 | 0.5 | Z = −4.5 | <.001 | 4.9 | 1.4 | 6.3 | 1.1 | Z = −3.7 | <.001 |
| GCS total | 14.5 | 1.3 | 12.1 | 1.9 | Z = −4.9 | <.001 | 14.5 | 1.2 | 13 | 2.1 | Z = −3.2 | .002 |
| OSLA total | 2.5 | 2.4 | 6.1 | 3.3 | Z = −3.8 | <.001 | 2.3 | 2.6 | 4.8 | 3.3 | Z = −3.0 | .003 |
| m‐RASS | 0.2 | 0.9 | −1.1 | 2 | Z = −2.2 | .03 | 0.3 | 0.8 | −0.6 | 1.8 | Z = −1.2 | .235 |
| MDAS total | 8.7 | 3.6 | 17.7 | 5.8 | t = −6.0 | <.001 | 8 | 3.6 | 14.7 | 6.2 | t = −5.0 | <.001 |
| n | % | n | % | χ 2 | P Value | n | % | n | % | χ 2 | P Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sex: male | 23 | 65.7 | 12 | 66.7 | 0 | .945 | 16 | 69.6 | 19 | 63.3 | 0.2 | .635 |
| Impaired on MoCA | 9 | 25.7 | 1 | 5.6 | 6.4a | .011 | 6 | 26.1 | 4 | 13.3 | 0.4 | .527 |
| PD‐MCI | 5 | 14.3 | 6 | 33.3 | 0.9 | .763 | 4 | 17.3 | 7 | 23.3 | 0.8 | .366 |
| PDD | 2 | 5.7 | 4 | 22.2 | 0.7a | .414 | 1 | 4.3 | 5 | 16.7 | 2.7 | .102 |
| Emergency admission | 19 | 82.6 | 29 | 96.7 | 3.0a | .154 | ||||||
| Delirium screened at admission | 5 | 21.7 | 8 | 26.7 | 0.2 | .679 | ||||||
| Falls as inpatient | 1 | 4.3 | 4 | 13.3 | 1.2a | .374 | ||||||
| Increased package of care post admission | 2 | 8.7 | 6 | 20 | 1.4a | .234 |
Note: Significant results are highlighted in bold.
Abbreviations: GCS, Glasgow Coma Scale; LEDD, Levodopa equivalent daily dose; MDAS, Memorial Delirium Assessment Scale; MDS‐UPDRS III, Movement Disorders Society Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale Part III; MoCA, Montreal Cognitive Assessment; m‐RASS, modified Richmond Agitation and Sedation Scale; OSLA, Observational Scale of Level of Arousal; PD, Parkinson disease; PDD, Parkinson disease dementia; PD‐MCI, Mild Cognitive Impairment in Parkinson disease; SD, standard deviation.
a
Fisher exact test.