Table 2.
General characteristics of adults living in mainland China. Data are percentage (95% confidence interval) unless indicated otherwise
| Characteristics |
Overall (n=75 880) | Sex | Urbanisation | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Men (n=36 819) | Women (n=39 061) | Urban (n=40 560) | Rural (n=35 320) | |||
| Mean age at survey (95% CI) | 42.8 (41.9 to 43.7) | 42.6 (41.8 to 43.5) | 43.0 (42.1 to 43.9) | 41.4 (40.5 to 42.4) | 44.3 (43.5 to 45.1) | |
| Ethnicity: | ||||||
| Han | 95.4 (93.5 to 96.8) | 95.3 (93.4 to 96.7) | 95.6 (93.6 to 97.0) | 96.7 (86.9 to 99.2) | 94.0 (78.7 to 98.5) | |
| Tibetan | 0.2 (0.1 to 0.5) | 0.2 (0.1 to 0.5) | 0.2 (0.1 to 0.5) | 0.1 (0.01 to 0.7) | 0.3 (0.04 to 2.3) | |
| Uyghur | 1.3 (1.1 to 1.6) | 1.4 (1.1 to 1.7) | 1.3 (1.1 to 1.5) | 1.2 (0.2 to 8.7) | 1.5 (0.2 to 10.9) | |
| Hui | 0.3 (0.1 to 1.3) | 0.3 (0.04 to 1.4) | 0.3 (0.1 to 1.3) | 0.04 (0.01 to 0.3) | 0.5 (0.1 to 3.7) | |
| Zhuang | 2.8 (1.6 to 4.8) | 2.9 (1.7 to 4.8) | 2.7 (1.6 to 4.8) | 2.0 (0.3 to 13.9) | 3.7 (0.5 to 23.7) | |
| Income per year (¥): | ||||||
| ≤30 000 | 44.8 (38.2 to 51.7) | 41.3 (35.1 to 47.9) | 48.4 (41.3 to 55.6) | 31.0 (26.4 to 35.9) | 59.7 (53.9 to 65.3) | |
| >30 000 | 55.2 (48.3 to 61.8) | 58.7 (52.2 to 64.9) | 51.6 (44.4 to 58.7) | 69.1 (64.1 to 73.6) | 40.3 (34.7 to 46.1) | |
| Education: | ||||||
| Less than high school | 43.7 (36.5 to 51.2) | 40.4 (33.6 to 47.6) | 47.1 (39.3 to 55.0) | 28.2 (23.2 to 33.8) | 60.5 (56.2 to 64.7) | |
| High school and above | 56.3 (48.8 to 63.5) | 59.6 (52.4 to 66.4) | 52.9 (45.1 to 60.7) | 71.8 (66.2 to 76.8) | 39.5 (35.3 to 43.8) | |
| Cigarette smoking: | ||||||
| Current non-smoker | 73.6 (72.3 to 74.8) | 50.0 (47.5 to 52.5) | 97.5 (96.8 to 98.1) | 75.5 (73.7 to 77.2) | 71.5 (69.3 to 73.6) | |
| Occasional smoker | 4.0 (3.6 to 4.4) | 7.0 (6.3 to 7.7) | 0.9 (0.7 to 1.2) | 4.3 (3.6 to 5.1) | 3.6 (3.0 to 4.3) | |
| Regular smoker | 22.5 (21.2 to 23.8) | 43.1 (40.4 to 45.8) | 1.6 (1.1 to 2.2) | 20.3 (18.5 to 22.2) | 24.9 (22.5 to 27.4) | |
| Family history of diabetes | 16.4 (13.9 to 19.3) | 15.5 (13.2 to 18.1) | 17.4 (14.6 to 20.6) | 22.0 (19.1 to 25.1) | 10.4 (8.8 to 12.3) | |
| Physical examination: | ||||||
| Mean body mass index (95% CI) | 24.0 (23.9 to 24.1) | 24.6 (24.4 to 24.8) | 23.4 (23.2 to 23.6) | 23.9 (23.6 to 24.3) | 24.1 (23.8 to 24.4) | |
| Body mass index <25 | 62.9 (61.5 to 64.2) | 56.1 (54.2 to 58.0) | 69.7 (67.8 to 71.6) | 63.9 (60.2 to 67.3) | 61.8 (58.5 to 65.0) | |
| Body mass index 25 to <30 | 30.9 (29.8 to 32.0) | 36.3 (34.8 to 37.9) | 25.3 (23.7 to 27.0) | 30.0 (27.6 to 32.6) | 31.8 (29.5 to 34.2) | |
| Body mass index ≥30 | 6.3 (5.9 to 6.6) | 7.6 (7.0 to 8.2) | 4.9 (4.6 to 5.3) | 6.1 (5.1 to 7.4) | 6.4 (5.4 to 7.5) | |
| Mean waist circumference (95% CI; cm) | 83.2 (82.4 to 84.0) | 86.6 (85.8 to 87.5) | 79.7 (78.8 to 80.6) | 82.7 (81.6 to 83.8) | 83.7 (82.1 to 85.3) | |
| Mean heart rate (95% CI; counts per min | 79.8 (79.2 to 80.5) | 78.9 (78.2 to 79.6) | 80.8 (80.1 to 81.5) | 80.0 (78.7 to 81.4) | 79.6 (78.5 to 80.8) | |
| Mean systolic blood pressure (95% CI; mm Hg) | 126.3 (124.9 to 127.7) | 129.9 (128.8 to 131.0) | 122.7 (120.9 to 124.4) | 124.1 (122.8 to 125.5) | 128.7 (126.9 to 130.5) | |
| Mean diastolic blood pressure 95% CI; mm Hg) | 78.3 (77.2 to 79.5) | 80.7 (79.3 to 82.1) | 76.0 (74.9 to 77.0) | 77.3 (76.0 to 78.6) | 79.5 (77.4 to 81.5) | |
| Laboratory tests (mean (95% CI)): | ||||||
| Cholesterol (mmol/L) | 4.8 (4.7 to 4.8) | 4.8 (4.8 to 4.9) | 4.8 (4.7 to 4.8) | 4.8 (4.7 to 4.9) | 4.7 (4.6 to 4.9) | |
| Low density lipoprotein (mmol/L) | 2.8 (2.8 to 2.9) | 2.9 (2.8 to 3.0) | 2.8 (2.7 to 2.8) | 2.8 (2.7 to 2.9) | 2.8 (2.7 to 3.0) | |
| High density lipoprotein (mmol/L) | 1.5 (1.5 to 1.5) | 1.4 (1.4 to 1.4) | 1.6 (1.5 to 1.6) | 1.5 (1.4 to 1.5) | 1.5 (1.4 to 1.5) | |
| Triglycerides (mmol/L) | 1.6 (1.5 to 1.6) | 1.8 (1.7 to 1.8) | 1.4 (1.3 to 1.4) | 1.5 (1.5 to 1.6) | 1.6 (1.5 to 1.7) | |
| Fasting plasma glucose (mmol/L) | 5.4 (5.4 to 5.5) | 5.5 (5.4 to 5.6) | 5.3 (5.3 to 5.4) | 5.4 (5.3 to 5.5) | 5.5 (5.3 to 5.6) | |
| Two hour plasma glucose (mmol/L) | 6.5 (6.4 to 6.6) | 6.5 (6.4 to 6.6) | 6.5 (6.4 to 6.6) | 6.5 (6.4 to 6.7) | 6.5 (6.3 to 6.7) | |
| HbA1c | 5.6 (5.4 to 5.7) | 5.6 (5.5 to 5.7) | 5.5 (5.4 to 5.6) | 5.5 (5.3 to 5.7) | 5.6 (5.6 to 5.7) | |
¥
100=£12; €13; $14.