Table 1.
Details of the publications, interventions, outcomes, and populations.
| Study | Year | Country | Department | Population (n) | Age (years), mean | Outcomes |
| Wang [22] | 2019 | China | Gastroenterology | Colonoscopy (392) | 52 | Bowel preparation adherence, quality of preparation, adenoma detection, and satisfaction |
| Timmers [10] | 2019 | Netherlands | Orthopedics | Knee replacement (212) | 65 | Pain, QoLa, physical functioning, satisfaction, and health care consumption |
| Mata [19] | 2019 | Canada | Surgery | Colorectal surgery (97) | 60 | Recovery protocol adherence, length of stay, complications, and satisfaction |
| Li [23] | 2019 | China | Surgery | Pediatric day-care surgery (127) | 4b | Quality of recovery, satisfaction, and time consumption during follow-up |
| Jeon [24] | 2019 | South Korea | Gastroenterology | Colonoscopy (281) | 48 | Bowel preparation adherence, quality of preparation, and adenoma detection |
| Van der Meij [11] | 2018 | Netherlands | Surgery | Abdominal surgery (344) | 52 | Return to work, first return to normal activity, physical functioning, QoL, and satisfaction |
| Timmers [12] | 2018 | Netherlands | Orthopedics | Knee replacement (213) | 62 | Knowledge, mobile device proficiency, treatment chosen, and satisfaction |
| Najafi Ghezeljeh [26] | 2018 | Iran | Cardiology | Hypertension (100) | 65 | Hypertension self-management |
| Hardt [13] | 2018 | Germany | Orthopedics | Knee replacement (60) | 65 | Range of motion, pain, and physical functioning |
| Alanzi [27] | 2018 | Saudi Arabia | Internal medicine | Diabetes mellitus (92) | 41c | Knowledge and self-efficacy |
| Widmer [20] | 2017 | United States | Cardiology | Cardiac rehabilitation (80) | 64 | In-person hospital visits, clinical values, QoL, and mood |
| Asklund [16] | 2017 | Sweden | Urology | Stress urinary incontinence (123) | 45 | Symptom severity and QoL |
| Sharara [28] | 2017 | Lebanon | Gastroenterology | Colonoscopy (160) | 53 | Bowel preparation adherence, quality of preparation, and satisfaction |
| Perry [8] | 2017 | United States | Pulmonary disease | Asthma (34) | 15 | Asthma control and expiratory volume |
| Lee [21] | 2017 | United States | Oncology | Breast cancer (120) | 52 | Knowledge, readiness for mammography, and satisfaction |
| Lakshminarayana [15] | 2017 | United Kingdom | Neurology | Parkinson disease (158) | 60 | Medication adherence, QoL, quality of consultation, anxiety and depression, and beliefs about medication |
| Guo [25] | 2017 | China | Cardiology | Atrial fibrillation (209) | 68 | Knowledge, QoL, adherence, and satisfaction |
| Van Reijnen [14] | 2017 | Netherlands | Sports medicine | Ankle trauma (220) | 38 | Incidence of ankle sprains, residual pain, and ankle disability |
| Kang [9] | 2016 | China | Gastroenterology | Colonoscopy (650) | 45 | Bowel preparation adherence and compliance with instructions |
| Johnston [17] | 2016 | Sweden | Cardiology | Myocardial infarction (174) | 57 | Medication adherence, satisfaction, and QoL |
| Lorenzo-Zuniga [18] | 2015 | Spain | Gastroenterology | Colonoscopy (260) | 50 | Bowel preparation adherence and satisfaction |
aQoL: quality of life.
bAge of the children who underwent surgery. In the study, their parents (age not mentioned) used the app and provided the data.
cStudy only reports that 75% of the participants were 41 years or older.