Table 4.
Variable | n | Change from baseline | Between-group differences |
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Control | Intervention | Mean difference (95% CI) | P value (unadjusted) | P value (adjusteda) | Cohen d | ||||
Weight, kg |
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3 months | 101 | –1.0 (2.0) | –3.2 (3.1) | 2.3 (1.2-3.3) | <.001 | <.001 | 0.88 | |||
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6 months | 101 | –0.7 (2.8) | –4.1 (3.8) | 3.5 (2.1-4.8) | <.001 | <.001 | 1.05 | |||
Weight, % |
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3 months | 101 | –1.1 (2.4) | –4.0 (3.7) | 2.9 (1.7-4.1) | <.001 | <.001 | 0.93 | |||
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6 months | 101 | –0.7 (3.3) | –5.1 (4.5) | 4.4 (2.9-6.0) | <.001 | <.001 | 1.11 | |||
BMIb, kg/m2 |
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3 months | 101 | –0.4 (0.8) | –1.4 (1.1) | 1.0 (0.6-1.3) | <.001 | <.001 | 1.04 | |||
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6 months | 101 | –0.3 (1.0) | –1.4 (1.5) | 1.1 (0.6-1.6) | <.001 | <.001 | 0.86 | |||
Waist circumference, cm |
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3 months | 99 | 0.24 (4.69) | –3.57 (5.14) | 3.8 (1.8-5.8) | <.001 | <.001 | 0.77 | |||
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6 months | 99 | 0.83 (4.4) | –3.24 (5.1) | 4.1 (2.2-6.0) | <.001 | <.001 | 0.86 | |||
ALTc, IU/L |
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3 months | 70 | –18.7 (26.7) | –37.2 (36.2) | 18.5 (3.3-33.8) | .02 | .02 | 0.58 | |||
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6 months | 98 | –10.0 (32.7) | –32.7 (38.4) | 22.7 (8.8-36.6) | .002 | .002 | 0.64 | |||
ASTd, IU/L |
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3 months | 71 | –9.18 (15.2) | –18.9 (23.8) | 9.7 (0.2-19.3) | .046 | .04 | 0.49 | |||
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6 months | 99 | –6.35 (15.3) | –16.1 (24.5) | 9.7 (1.6-17.9) | .02 | .02 | 0.47 | |||
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) |
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3 months | 61 | 1.1 (12.6) | –13.4 (15.2) | 14.5 (7.4-21.6) | <.001 | <.001 | 1.04 | |||
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6 months | 70 | –2.4 (12.4) | –11.8 (15.0) | 9.4 (2.9-16.0) | .005 | .01 | 0.68 | |||
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) |
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3 months | 61 | 2.3 (7.7) | –6.1 (10.5) | 8.4 (3.8-12.9) | .001 | <.001 | 0.91 | |||
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6 months | 70 | –0.9 (10.0) | –6.5 (9.0) | 7.4 (2.8-11.9) | .002 | .006 | 0.78 |
aAdjusted for age, gender, and ethnicity.
bBMI: body mass index.
eALT: alanine aminotransferase.
dAST: aspartate aminotransferase.