TABLE 3.
Earlier versus contemporary antimicrobial susceptibilities of prevalent BSI isolates in Africa and Asia in 1994 to 2018
| Organism, group,a and antimicrobial | Earlier period (pre-2008) |
Contemporary period (2008–2018) |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. of studies | No. of isolates tested | Proportion of susceptible isolates (% [range]) | No. of studies | No. of isolates tested | Proportion of susceptible isolates (% [range]) | |
| Escherichia coli (36–38, 43, 44, 61, 67, 71) | ||||||
| Group A | ||||||
| Ampicillin | 2 | 67 | 6.0 (4.2–7.0) | 3 | 26 | 23.1 (14.3–40.0) |
| Gentamicin | 4 | 89 | 74.2 (0.0–93.0) | 3 | 26 | 76.9 (28.6–100) |
| Group B | ||||||
| Ceftriaxone | 0 | 0 | 3 | 26 | 92.3 (85.7–100) | |
| Ciprofloxacin | 1 | 24 | 91.7 (91.7) | 3 | 26 | 76.9 (57.1–80.0) |
| Imipenem-meropenem | 1 | 24 | 100 (100) | 2 | 21 | 100 (100) |
| Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole | 4 | 89 | 5.6 (0.0–12.5) | 3 | 26 | 34.6 (0–57.1) |
| Typhoidal Salmonella (35, 37, 43, 44, 49, 68, 71, 73) | ||||||
| Group A | ||||||
| Ampicillin | 4 | 99 | 100 (100) | 1 | 45 | 48.9 (48.9) |
| Group B | ||||||
| Chloramphenicol | 6 | 126 | 99.2 (95.8–100) | 1 | 45 | 51.1 (51.1) |
| Ciprofloxacin | 1 | 59 | 100 (100) | 2 | 66 | 95.5 (90.5–100) |
| Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole | 4 | 64 | 81.3 (50.0–100) | 1 | 45 | 51.1 (51.1) |
| Ampicillin, chloramphenicol, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazoleb | 0 | 0 | 2 | 66 | 56.1 (42.2–85.7) | |
| Nontyphoidal Salmonella (33, 35, 43, 44, 61, 67, 73) | ||||||
| Group A | ||||||
| Ampicillin | 6 | 331 | 22.1 (0.0–100) | 1 | 10 | 10.0 (10.0) |
| Group B | ||||||
| Chloramphenicol | 5 | 482 | 77.8 (0.0–100) | 1 | 10 | 10.0 (10.0) |
| Ciprofloxacin | 0 | 0 | 1 | 10 | 90.0 (90.0) | |
| Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole | 6 | 486 | 31.3 (0.0–100) | 1 | 10 | 10.0 (10.0) |
| Ampicillin, chloramphenicol, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazoleb | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Staphylococcus aureus (33, 36–38, 43, 61, 67, 68, 71) | ||||||
| Group A | ||||||
| Erythromycin | 3 | 21 | 90.5 (71.4–100) | 1 | 5 | 100 (100) |
| Methicillin-oxacillin | 4 | 16 | 75.0 (0.0–100) | 4 | 29 | 69.0 (52.9–100) |
| Penicillin | 4 | 36 | 2.8 (0.0–6.7) | 2 | 22 | 4.5 (0.0–20.0) |
| Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole | 3 | 28 | 71.4 (69.2–100) | 3 | 23 | 60.9 (0.0–100) |
| Group B | ||||||
| Tetracycline | 1 | 1 | 100 (100) | 2 | 18 | 66.7 (0.0–70.6) |
| Vancomycin | 2 | 20 | 100 (100) | 2 | 22 | 100 (100) |
| Streptococcus pneumoniae (32, 37, 40, 41, 43, 44, 61, 67, 68, 71, 73) | ||||||
| Group A | ||||||
| Erythromycin | 3 | 192 | 99.0 (98.4–100) | 3 | 25 | 96.0 (85.7–100) |
| Penicillin | 5 | 254 | 86.6 (63.6–100) | 4 | 28 | 85.7 (66.7–100) |
| Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole | 4 | 233 | 16.3 (1.8–100) | 4 | 28 | 39.3 (16.7–66.7) |
| Chloramphenicol | 5 | 246 | 82.1 (74.4–100) | 4 | 28 | 100 (100) |
| Group B | ||||||
| Ceftriaxone | 0 | 0 | 2 | 11 | 100 (100) | |
| Tetracycline | 3 | 192 | 59.9 (50.4–70) | 1 | 3 | 66.7 (67.0) |
a
As defined by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (95).
b
Defines multiple drug resistance in Salmonella enterica.