FIG 1.

(A) Intraoperatively placed drains as local delivery system. (B) Local application of P. aeruginosa bacteriophages. (C) Evaluation of MDR P. aeruginosa biofilm susceptibility to antimicrobials alone and to staggered exposure of phages (8 h prior) followed by colistin. Each curve shows the heat produced by viable bacteria present in the biofilm after the treatment. Numbers above and near curves represent antibiotic concentrations (in μg/ml) and titers of phage (in PFU/ml). GC, growth control (dashed line); NC, negative control. (D) Effect of P. aeruginosa phage on viability of biofilm-embedded P. aeruginosa. Biofilm formed on porous glass beads was exposed to phages for 24 h. Data are reported as mean CFU/ml ± standard error of the mean from at least three independent experiments. GC, growth control.