Sle1 and oxacillin impact the S. aureus cell cycle. Exponential cells of JE2 wild-type, JE2clpXI265E, JE2sle1, and JE2clpXI265E,sle1 strains grown in the absence (A) or presence of oxacillin at 0.05 μg ml−1 (B) were stained with the membrane dye Nile Red and imaged with SR-SIM. For each strain, 300 cells were assigned to different phases in the cell cycle based on the stage of septum ingrowth: cells without septal ingrowth were assigned to phase 1, cells displaying an incomplete septum were assigned to phase 2, and cells displaying a closed septum were assigned to phase 3. For each of the strains, the fraction of cells in the three phases of the cell cycle was determined from two biological replicates.