Table 1 –
Relative quantity of molecules of biological significance containing the soft nucleophile groups thiol (-SH) or selenol (-SeH). These functional groups are the main targets of methylmercury (MeHg) and other soft electrophiles.
High molecular mass thiol molecules (thiol-containing proteins) | |
Occurrence | |
–Cysteinyl residues (Cys) | in thousands of proteins |
High molecular mass selenol molecules (selenoproteins) | |
Occurrence | |
–Selenocysteinyl residues (Sec) | in few number of proteins |
Low molecular mass thiol molecules (-SH) | |
Occurrence | |
Endogenous | Cysteine glutathione (GSH) |
exogenous (synthetic) | 2,3 dimercaptopropanol (BAL) 2,3 dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) 2,3 dimercapto sulfonic acid (DMPS) |
Low molecular mass selenol molecules (-SeH ) | |
occurrence | |
Endogenous | None |
exogenous (synthetic) | Unstable |