Fig. 1.

Age at disease onset, disease duration and immunological profile among Sudanese and Swedish SLE subjects

Comparison of (A) age at SLE onset and (B) disease duration between Sudanese and Swedish patients in the full cohorts and after stratification according to age at study inclusion. Levels of (C) anti-Sm, (D) anti-dsDNA and (E) CICs among patients and controls in each cohort. Cut-offs recommended by the manufacturer and cut-offs according to the 98th percentile among national controls are indicated.