Table 3 –
Statistical results for differences between Age groups (YH vs. OH) and Conditions (NOP, VIS and PLAT) for the data shown in Fig. 3, including: means, variability (σ), and DFA exponents (α) for step width (w) and lateral position (zB). ANOVA results (F-statistics and p-values) are provided for main effects of Age, Condition, and Age×Condition interaction effects, along with the relevant Tukey’s post-hoc comparisons. Significant differences are indicated in bold.
| Data In | Variable | Age | Condition | Age×Condition | Tukey’s (Age Effects) | Tukey’s (Condition Effects) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fig. 3A | Mean (w) | F(1,32) = 0.52 p=0.478 |
F(2,166) = 39.60 p < 0.001 |
F(2,166) = 1.47 p = 0.233 |
N/A | VIS-NOP: p < 0.001 |
| PLAT-NOP: p < 0.001 | ||||||
| Mean (zB) | F(1,32) = 2.91 p = 0.098 |
F(2,166) = 0.72 p = 0.488 |
F(2,166) = 0.70 p = 0.496 |
N/A | N/A | |
| Fig. 3B | ln [σ (w)] |
F(1,32) = 4.55 p* = 0.041 |
F(2,166) = 701.21 p* < 0.001 |
F(2,166) = 5.64 p = 0.004 |
YH: | |
| VIS-NOP: p < 0.001 | ||||||
| NOP: p = 0.259 | PLAT-NOP: p < 0.001 | |||||
| VIS: p = 0.049 | ||||||
| PLAT: p = 0.917 | OH: | |||||
| VIS-NOP: p < 0.001 | ||||||
| PLAT-NOP: p < 0.001 | ||||||
| ln [σ (zB)] | F(1,32) = 3.42 p* = 0.074 |
F(2,166) = 266.35 p* < 0.001 |
F(2,166) = 4.24 p = 0.016 |
YH: | ||
| VIS-NOP: p < 0.001 | ||||||
| NOP: p = 0.129 | PLAT-NOP: p < 0.001 | |||||
| VIS: p = 0.319 | ||||||
| PLAT: p = 0.997 | OH: | |||||
| VIS-NOP: p < 0.001 | ||||||
| PLAT-NOP: p < 0.001 | ||||||
| Fig. 3C | α (w) | F(1,32) = 0.060 p = 0.801 |
F(2,166) = 104.50 p < 0.001 |
F(2,166) = 1.63 p = 0.199 |
N/A | VIS-NOP: p < 0.001 |
| PLAT-NOP: p < 0.001 | ||||||
| α (zB) | F(1,32) = l.07 p = 0.309 |
F(2,166) = 75.10 p < 0.001 |
F(2,166) = 0.96 p = 0.386 |
N/A | VIS-NOP: p < 0.001 | |
| PLAT-NOP: p < 0.001 | ||||||
In cases where Age×Condition interactions are significant, the main effects results should be considered unreliable and misleading. Tukey’s pairwise comparisons results should be used to draw conclusions about age group differences for each condition, as these account for the effects of the interaction.