Table 4.

TCM for treating AD by anti-neuroinflammation.

Numbers	Compounds	Chemistry structure	Dosages	Activities	Molecular mechanism	Models	References
1	Gypenoside		50 μg/mL	Attenuate inflammation	Attenuate Aβ induced inflammation via SOCS1 Signaling	N9 microglial cells	Cai et al., 2016; Kumar et al., 2018; Seo et al., 2018
2	Achyranthes bidentata Blume	—	50 mg/kg	Improve cognitive function, decrease neuroinflammation	Decrease oxidative stress and neuroinflammation through modulating ERK pathway, NF-κB phosphorylation, and translocation	Male Sprague-Dawley rats	Lin et al., 2019b
3	Matrine		10–50 μM	Improve cognitive deficits and learning ability	Decrease neuroinflammation though Aβ/RAGE signaling pathway	SH-SY5Y cells	Cui et al., 2017
4	Loganin		10–30 μM	Decrease neuroinflammation	Decrease neuroinflammation via regulating TLR4/TRAF6/NF-κB axis	BV-2 microglia cells	Cui et al., 2018
5	Scutellarein		50 mg/kg, intraperitoneally	Suppress neuroinflammation	Increase Bcl-2 and suppress Beclin-1 expression via inhibition of the NF-κB pathway	PC12 cells, male Wistar rats	Huang et al., 2019b
6	Oridonin		10 mg/kg/day, i.p. for 15 days	Inhibit glial activation, decrease the release of inflammatory cytokines and attenuate memory deficits	Attenuate Aβ1–42-induced neuroinflammation and inhibits NF-κB pathway	Male C57BL/6 (B6) mice	Wang et al., 2014
7	Hydroxy-safflor yellow A		20 mg/kg per day, i.p.	Ameliorate the memory deficits and decrease the mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory mediators	Attenuate Aβ1-42-induced inflammation by modulating the JAK2/STAT3/NF-κB pathway	Male ICR mice	Sun et al., 2010; Zhang et al., 2014
8	Diammonium Glycyrrhizinate		10 mg/kg per day, i.p.	Attenuate the memory deficits and suppress Aβ1–42-induced activation of microglia and inflammation	Attenuate Aβ1–42-induced neuroinflammation and regulate MAPK and NF-κB pathways	SH-SY5Y and HT-22 cells or male ICR mice	Zhao et al., 2013