Fig. 2.

Potential effects of hyperglycaemia on endothelial oxygen consumption. a Endothelial cells (EC) have been reported to decrease oxygen consumption in hyperglycaemia (HG) (the Crabtree Effect), perhaps due to ATP requirements being met through glycolysis, resulting in a decreased requirement for ATP production by the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA) and oxidative phosphorylation (ox-phos). b HG has also been reported to increase oxygen consumption and cause intracellular hypoxia perhaps in a reactive oxygen species (ROS)-dependent manner