Table 1.

Summary of studies conducted on antenatal depression in African countries (N = 64, 2007–2018)

Author, P. year	Country	Study setting	Study design	Sample size	Time of screening	The tool used for screening depression	Prevalence	Final score of NOS assessment
Adewuya, A. O. et al. 2007	Nigeria	HI	cross-sectional	180	Third trim	DSM-IV	8.30%	7
Esimai, O. et al. 2008	Nigeria	HI	cross sectional	195	All trim	HADS (not found)	10.80%	7
Kaaya SF et al. 2010	Tanzania	HI	cross sectional	560	Second trim	HSC ≥ 1.06	39.50%	7
Hartley M et al., 2011	South Africa	Community	cross-sectional	1062	All trim	EPDS ≥14	39%	8
Rochat TG et al., 2011	South Africa	HI	cross-sectional	109	Second trim	DSM-IV	47%	7
Manikkam L et al., 2012	South Africa	HI	cross-sectional	387	Third trim	EPDS ≥13	38.50%	7
Stewart RS et al., 2014	Malawi	HI	cross-sectional	583	Second trim	SRQ ≥ 8	21.10%	7
Weobong B et al. 2014	Ghana	Community	cohort	2086	First trim	PHQ ≥ 10	9.90%	8
Abdelhai R et al. 2015	Egypt	HI	cross-sectional	376	All trim	HADS> 10	10.40%	8
Bindt C et al. 2013	Ghana	HI	cohort	719	Third trim	PHQ ≥ 10	28.90%	8
Mahenge B et al. 2015	Tanzania	HI	cross sectional	1180	All trim	HSC ≥ 1.06	78.20%	7
RwakaremaM et a; 2015	Tanzania	HI	cross-sectional	397	All trim	EPDS ≥13	33.80%	8
Heyningen T et al. 2015	South Africa	HI	cross-sectional	376	All trim	MINI	22%	7
Malqvist M et al. 2016	Swaziland	Community	cross-sectional	1038	Third trim	EPDS ≥13	22.70%	7
Thompson O et al. 2016	Nigeria	HI	cross-sectional	314	All trim	EPDS> 11	24.50%	8
Dibaba Y et al. 2013	Ethiopia	Community	cross-sectional	627	Third trim	EPDS ≥13	19.90%	8
Gemta A et al. 2013	Ethiopia	HI	cross-sectional	660	All trim	EPDS (not found)	25.60%	8
Biratu A et al. 2015	Ethiopia	HI	cross-sectional	393	All trim	EPDS ≥13	24.94%	8
Ayele TA et al. 2016	Ethiopia	HI	cross-sectional	388	All trim	BDI ≥ 16	23.00%	8
Bisetegn TA et al. 2016	Ethiopia	Community	cross-sectional	527	All trim	EPDS ≥12	11.80%	8
Bitew T et al. 2016	Ethiopia	Community	cross-sectional	1311	Second trim	PHQ ≥ 5	29.50%	8
Mossie Tb et al. 2017	Ethiopia	HI	cross-sectional	196	All trim	BDI ≥ 14	31.10%	8
Sahile MA et al. 2017	Ethiopia	HI	cross-sectional	231	Third trim	BDI ≥ 21	31.20%	8
Guo N et al. 2013	Ghana	HI	cohort	654	Third trim	PHQ ≥ 10	26.30%	7
Guo N et al. 2013	Cote devour	HI	cohort	654	Third trim	PHQ ≥ 10	28.30%	7
Bitew T et al. 2017	Ethiopia	Community	cohort	1240	2nd & third	PHQ ≥ 5	28.70%	8
Mochache K et al. 2018	Kenya	HI	cohort	255		EPDS ≥10	38.40%	8
Thai A et al. 2016	South Africa	Community	longitudinal	1238	All trim	EPDS> = 13	39.50%	7

CIS-R Clinical Interview Schedule–Revised, HSC Hopkins symptom checklist, EPDS Edinburgh Postnatal Depression scale