Table.
Epidemiologic differences in 3 coronavirus diseases (SARS, MERS, and COVID-19) and H1N1-influenza pandemic (2009)
| Epidemiologic factor | SARS4,7,8 | MERS4 | H1N1 pandemic 20092,9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 | COVID-193,6,15, 16, 17 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Percentage of positive cases that were children (0-18 y) | <5% | 0.1%-4% | 73% (0-24 y) | PRC: 2.4% ITA: 1.2% US: 5% |
| Percentage of positive cases that were children (0-9 y) | SDN | SDN | 13% (0-4 y) | PRC: 1% ITA: 0.5% US: SDN |
| Percentage of patients with severe or critical illness children | 5% | SDN | SDN | PRC: 2.7% ITA: SDN US: 2% |
| Percentage of children requiring mechanical ventilation | <1% | <1% | SDN | PRC: <1% ITA: <1% US: <1% |
| Percentage children among hospitalized individuals | SDN | SDN | 40% | PRC: 10% ITA: <0.1% US: <1% |
| Mortality rate in children | <1% | 6% | 0.002%-0.013% | PRC: <0.1% ITA: <0.1% US: <0.1% |
| Mortality rate in ICU admissions children | SDN | SDN | 6.3%-11.6% | PRC: <0.1% ITA: <1% US: <0.1% |
ICU, intensive care unit; ITA, Italy; MERS, Middle East respiratory syndrome; PRC, China; SARS, severe acute respiratory syndrome; SDN, sufficient data are not available.