Table 1.

Sample Characteristics

Variable	M	SD	Range
Caregiver characteristics
Age	61.97	10.66	39–89
Female, %	86.71
Spouse caregiver, %	37.57
Adult child caregiver, %	58.38
Other relationship types, %	4.05
White, %	72.83
Educationa	4.46	1.20	1–6
Duration of providing care (month)	61.12	45.55	3–264
Care-recipient characteristics
Age	82.02	8.34	57–100
Female, %	60.12
ADL impairmentb	3.06	0.49	2–4
Caregiver (daily) distress and affect
BPSD distressc	15.49	19.23	1–144.63
Negative affectd	1.45	0.43	1–5
Positive affecte	3.02	0.83	1–5

Note. Participant N = 173; Participant-day observation N = 1,359.

ADL = activities of daily living. BPSD = behavioral problems and symptoms of dementia.

^aRated on a 6-point scale from 1 (less than high school) to 6 (post-college degree).

^bMean of 13 items rated from 1 (does not need help) to 4 (cannot do without help).

^cSum of 19 items rated from 1 (not at all stressful) to 5 (very stressful) from time periods 1-3.

^dMean of 11 items rated from 1 (none of the day) to 5 (all day).

^eMean of 9 items rated from 1 (none of the day) to 5 (all day).