Table 4.

Standardized Regression Coefficients from Analysis of Age 18 Narcissism and each of the Individual Facets Predicting Life Experiences (Selection Effects) and Life Experiences Predicting Change in Narcissism from Age 18 to 41 (Socialization Effects)

	Overall narcissism		Leadership		Vanity		Entitlement
	β selection	β socialization	β selection	β socialization	β selection	β socialization	β selection	β socialization
Work related experiences
Salary	0.11 [−0.05, 0.27]	0.05 [−0.11, 0.20]	0.10 [−0.05, 0.25]	0.08 [−0.06, 0.22]	0.01 [−0.15, 0.17]	−0.02 [−0.16, 0.11]	0.16 [−0.02, 0.33]	−0.02 [−0.34, 0.29]
Supervise	0.16 [−0.03, 0.34]	0.25 [0.05, 0.46]	0.13 [−0.05, 0.32]	0.38 [0.20, 0.55]	0.06 [−0.14, 0.26]	0.03 [−0.20, 0.25]	0.14 [−0.09, 0.37]	−0.26 [−0.68, 0.16]
Number of people supervised	0.15 [−0.03, 0.33]	−0.08 [−0.29, 0.13]	0.20 [0.02, 0.38]	−0.05 [−0.23, 0.12]	−0.02 [−0.21, 0.17]	−0.04 [−0.27, 0.18]	0.13 [−0.09, 0.36]	−0.08 [−0.50, 0.34]
Hire	0.26 [0.03, 0.49]	0.11 [−0.16, 0.37]	0.30 [0.08, 0.52]	0.2 [−0.04, 0.43]	0.04 [−0.23, 0.31]	0 [−0.27, 0.27]	0.23 [−0.06, 0.52]	−0.09 [−0.69, 0.52]
Fire	0.17 [−0.02, 0.35]	0.32 [0.13, 0.51]	0.15 [−0.03, 0.33]	0.43 [0.26, 0.60]	0.06 [−0.14, 0.25]	0.04 [−0.16, 0.25]	0.11 [−0.12, 0.34]	0.03 [−0.36, 0.43]
Budget	0.14 [−0.05, 0.32]	0.25 [0.05, 0.44]	0.17 [−0.01, 0.35]	0.33 [0.16, 0.51]	−0.02 [−0.22, 0.18]	0.10 [−0.11, 0.32]	0.15 [−0.08, 0.37]	−0.22 [−0.66, 0.22]
Power index	0.14 [−0.01, 0.29]	0.27 [0.11, 0.43]	0.14 [−0.01, 0.28]	0.36 [0.22, 0.51]	0.03 [−0.13, 0.18]	0.06 [−0.11, 0.23]	0.12 [−0.07, 0.30]	−0.12 [−0.44, 0.20]
Prestige	−0.01 [−0.17, 0.15]	−0.02 [−0.21, 0.17]	−0.01 [−0.17, 0.16]	0.02 [−0.16, 0.19]	−0.09 [−0.26, 0.07]	−0.01 [−0.20, 0.18]	0.10 [−0.10, 0.30]	−0.18 [−0.56, 0.20]
Job satisfaction	0.01 [−0.11, 0.14]	0.04 [−0.12, 0.20]	0.01 [−0.13, 0.14]	0.07 [−0.08, 0.22]	0.04 [−0.10, 0.18]	0.04 [−0.14, 0.22]	−0.08 [−0.24, 0.08]	−0.37 [−0.63, −0.11]
Realistic	0.08 [−0.08, 0.23]	−0.22 [−0.39, −0.05]	0.02 [−0.14, 0.18]	−0.16 [−0.31, −0.01]	0.17 [0.01, 0.33]	−0.15 [−0.33, 0.03]	−0.03 [−0.23, 0.17]	−0.13 [−0.47, 0.22]
Investigative	−0.03 [−0.20, 0.13]	−0.17 [−0.35, 0]	−0.03 [−0.19, 0.14]	−0.20 [−0.35, −0.04]	−0.05 [−0.22, 0.12]	−0.11 [−0.29, 0.07]	0.11 [−0.07, 0.30]	0.07 [−0.24, 0.38]
Artistic	−0.03 [−0.19, 0.14]	0.05 [−0.11, 0.22]	0.01 [−0.15, 0.17]	0.04 [−0.11, 0.20]	−0.07 [−0.24, 0.10]	0.03 [−0.14, 0.19]	0.02 [−0.19, 0.22]	−0.03 [−0.34, 0.27]
Social	−0.01 [−0.17, 0.15]	−0.05 [−0.22, 0.12]	0.01 [−0.15, 0.16]	−0.02 [−0.17, 0.14]	0.02 [−0.16, 0.19]	−0.07 [−0.24, 0.10]	−0.01 [−0.21, 0.19]	−0.07 [−0.38, 0.23]
Enterprising	0.07 [−0.10, 0.23]	0.17 [0, 0.34]	0.09 [−0.07, 0.24]	0.19 [0.04, 0.35]	−0.05 [−0.22, 0.12]	0.09 [−0.08, 0.26]	0.04 [−0.14, 0.23]	−0.12 [−0.45, 0.21]
Conventional	−0.06 [−0.23, 0.1]	0.12 [−0.06, 0.31]	−0.05 [−0.21, 0.11]	0.11 [−0.05, 0.27]	−0.03 [−0.21, 0.15]	0.07 [−0.13, 0.27]	−0.19 [−0.38, 0.01]	0.01 [−0.3, 0.31]
Relationship–related experiences
Relationship status	0.05 [−0.16, 0.26]	−0.14 [−0.37, 0.10]	−0.01 [−0.22, 0.21]	0.01 [−0.21, 0.23]	0.09 [−0.11, 0.29]	−0.25 [−0.49, −0.01]	−0.02 [−0.26, 0.22]	0.09 [−0.3, 0.49]
Relationship satisfaction	0.10 [−0.05, 0.24]	0.05 [−0.14, 0.24]	0.12 [−0.02, 0.27]	0.09 [−0.08, 0.25]	−0.01 [−0.16, 0.14]	0.08 [−0.11, 0.26]	−0.09 [−0.27, 0.09]	−0.2 [−0.51, 0.11]
Children	−0.01 [−0.2, 0.18]	−0.01 [−0.21, 0.20]	−0.04 [−0.23, 0.15]	0.09 [−0.10, 0.28]	0.12 [−0.08, 0.32]	−0.15 [−0.37, 0.08]	−0.15 [−0.38, 0.07]	0.19 [−0.17, 0.56]
Number of children	−0.17 [−0.36, 0.02]	0.12 [−0.11, 0.36]	−0.05 [−0.24, 0.14]	0.07 [−0.11, 0.25]	−0.21 [−0.41, −0.02]	0.08 [−0.15, 0.32]	−0.23 [−0.53, 0.06]	0.22 [−0.32, 0.76]
Years married	−0.08 [−0.26, 0.11]	0.06 [−0.14, 0.26]	0.03 [−0.16, 0.21]	0.08 [−0.11, 0.27]	−0.23 [−0.42, −0.03]	0.06 [−0.16, 0.27]	−0.01 [−0.25, 0.24]	0.19 [−0.15, 0.53]
Health and well-being
Self-rated health	0.10 [−0.04, 0.24]	0.07 [−0.10, 0.23]	0.06 [−0.08, 0.20]	0.03 [−0.12, 0.18]	0.22 [0.07, 0.37]	0.13 [−0.06, 0.32]	−0.13 [−0.3, 0.04]	−0.02 [−0.3, 0.25]
Hospital frequency	−0.08 [−0.23, 0.07]	0.10 [−0.05, 0.24]	−0.04 [−0.18, 0.09]	0.02 [−0.12, 0.16]	−0.08 [−0.23, 0.07]	0.10 [−0.07, 0.27]	−0.05 [−0.23, 0.13]	0.14 [−0.17, 0.45]
Body mass index	0.03 [−0.12, 0.18]	0.11 [−0.04, 0.26]	0.04 [−0.11, 0.18]	0.15 [0.01, 0.29]	−0.07 [−0.21, 0.08]	−0.09 [−0.27, 0.09]	0.19 [0.01, 0.38]	−0.05 [−0.30, 0.19]
Life satisfaction	0.03 [−0.11, 0.18]	0.14 [−0.02, 0.31]	0.06 [−0.08, 0.20]	0.14 [−0.01, 0.29]	0.06 [−0.10, 0.21]	0.14 [−0.03, 0.30]	−0.18 [−0.35, −0.02]	−0.26 [−0.5, −0.03]
Well-being	0.07 [−0.09, 0.22]	0 [−0.17, 0.18]	0.07 [−0.08, 0.22]	0.03 [−0.12, 0.18]	0.16 [0.02, 0.3]	0.02 [−0.17, 0.20]	−0.32 [−0.48, −0.17]	−0.31 [−0.57, −0.04]
Life events
Arrested for a crime	0.18 [−0.16, 0.53]	0.11 [−0.2, 0.42]	0.29 [−0.07, 0.65]	0 [−0.38, 0.38]	0.04 [−0.35, 0.42]	0.22 [−0.11, 0.55]	0.04 [−0.36, 0.43]	0.22 [−0.26, 0.70]
Beginning a serious relationship	0.14 [−0.05, 0.32]	0.05 [−0.16, 0.26]	0.06 [−0.13, 0.24]	0.03 [−0.17, 0.22]	0.23 [0.04, 0.42]	0.13 [−0.09, 0.35]	0.06 [−0.17, 0.28]	−0.21 [−0.59, 0.17]
Breaking up with romantic partner	0.12 [−0.07, 0.31]	0.12 [−0.08, 0.33]	0.08 [−0.11, 0.26]	−0.01 [−0.20, 0.19]	0.19 [−0.01, 0.38]	0.28 [0.08, 0.49]	−0.04 [−0.27, 0.19]	−0.02 [−0.39, 0.36]
Change careers	−0.06 [−0.26, 0.15]	0.07 [−0.15, 0.29]	0 [−0.20, 0.20]	0.02 [−0.18, 0.22]	−0.08 [−0.29, 0.13]	0.15 [−0.09, 0.40]	0 [−0.26, 0.25]	−0.09 [−0.51, 0.33]
Change in closeness with parents and/or other family members	0.08 [−0.12, 0.27]	0.18 [−0.02, 0.39]	0.05 [−0.15, 0.24]	0.16 [−0.03, 0.36]	0.11 [−0.09, 0.30]	0.25 [0.04, 0.46]	0.03 [−0.20, 0.26]	−0.14 [−0.57, 0.28]
Change of residence	−0.05 [−0.24, 0.15]	0.06 [−0.15, 0.28]	0.02 [−0.18, 0.22]	−0.09 [−0.30, 0.12]	−0.03 [−0.23, 0.17]	0.22 [0, 0.44]	−0.12 [−0.36, 0.11]	0.19 [−0.23, 0.61]
Change place of employment	0.02 [−0.18, 0.21]	0.12 [−0.09, 0.34]	0.01 [−0.19, 0.20]	0.14 [−0.06, 0.33]	0 [−0.19, 0.20]	0.11 [−0.10, 0.33]	0.15 [−0.09, 0.38]	−0.15 [−0.59, 0.29]
Death or serious illness/injury of a close family member or friend	−0.07 [−0.26, 0.12]	0.17 [−0.04, 0.37]	0.07 [−0.12, 0.25]	0.07 [−0.13, 0.26]	−0.25 [−0.45, −0.05]	0.25 [0.02, 0.47]	−0.10 [−0.33, 0.13]	−0.01 [−0.40, 0.37]
Failing an important project	0.30 [0, 0.60]	0.11 [−0.11, 0.34]	0.28 [0.01, 0.55]	0.16 [−0.05, 0.38]	0.23 [−0.06, 0.52]	0.14 [−0.12, 0.40]	0.35 [0.07, 0.62]	−0.39 [−1.10, 0.31]
Financial problems	0.14 [−0.08, 0.35]	0.25 [0.04, 0.46]	0.12 [−0.10, 0.33]	0.16 [−0.04, 0.37]	0.11 [−0.10, 0.31]	0.33 [0.11, 0.55]	0.18 [−0.07, 0.43]	−0.20 [−0.63, 0.24]
Fired from a job or serious	0.15 [−0.06, 0.37]	−0.07 [−0.32, 0.19]	0.16 [−0.06, 0.37]	−0.09 [−0.32, 0.15]	0.08 [−0.15, 0.31]	0.07 [−0.17, 0.31]	0.14 [−0.12, 0.4]	0.06 [−0.41, 0.53]
Got divorced	0.31 [0.07, 0.55]	−0.10 [−0.43, 0.22]	0.28 [0.05, 0.52]	−0.12 [−0.39, 0.14]	0.28 [0.07, 0.49]	0.08 [−0.23, 0.40]	0.14 [−0.14, 0.43]	−0.49 [−1.07, 0.08]
Got married	0.10 [−0.09, 0.29]	0.01 [−0.20, 0.22]	0.01 [−0.17, 0.19]	0.03 [−0.16, 0.22]	0.22 [0.02, 0.42]	−0.08 [−0.31, 0.16]	0.10 [−0.13, 0.32]	0.28 [−0.09, 0.65]
Had children	−0.01 [−0.20, 0.18]	−0.05 [−0.25, 0.16]	−0.05 [−0.23, 0.14]	0.01 [−0.18, 0.21]	0.11 [−0.08, 0.31]	−0.13 [−0.35, 0.08]	−0.08 [−0.31, 0.14]	0.25 [−0.12, 0.63]
Serious personal illness or injury	−0.01 [−0.21, 0.18]	0.12 [−0.10, 0.33]	0.03 [−0.17, 0.23]	−0.03 [−0.24, 0.18]	−0.05 [−0.24, 0.15]	0.24 [0.02, 0.47]	−0.11 [−0.37, 0.14]	−0.04 [−0.45, 0.37]
Started a new job	0.05 [−0.16, 0.25]	−0.03 [−0.24, 0.19]	0.06 [−0.14, 0.27]	−0.01 [−0.21, 0.19]	0 [−0.21, 0.21]	0.07 [−0.15, 0.28]	−0.01 [−0.26, 0.24]	0.06 [−0.35, 0.47]
Victim of a crime	0.13 [−0.16, 0.42]	−0.13 [−0.37, 0.11]	0.18 [−0.08, 0.45]	−0.08 [−0.32, 0.15]	0.02 [−0.26, 0.30]	−0.02 [−0.27, 0.23]	0.21 [−0.07, 0.48]	−0.88 [−1.6, −0.16]

Note. Values in brackets are 95% confidence intervals. Selection effect: Narcissism or one of the facets at age 18 predicted the individual life experience or event. Socialization effect: The individual life experience or event predicted change in narcissism or one of the facets from age 18 and age 41.