Table 6.

Panel ARDL estimates of methane model (1, 0, 0, 0) (Selection of the optimal lag length is based on the Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC))

	(LR)	(SR)
Variables	PMG	PMG
ECT		− 0.583***
		(0.205)
D (energy consumption)		1.359
		(0.951)
D (gross dom. product)		0.538**
		(0.267)
D (gross domestic product squared)		− 0.0166
		(0.0113)
Trend		− 0.283**
		(0.134)
Energy consumption	0.0467
	(0.252)
Gross domestic product	0.502**
	(0.205)
Gross domestic product squared	− 0.0183*
	(0.0106)
Constant		8.846**
		(3.852)

Standard errors in parentheses

***p < 0.01, **p < 0.05, *p < 0.1