Table 1.
Comparison of baseline characteristics of the participants between individuals in sham-TENS (n = 29) and TENS (n = 30) groups.
| Variable | Sham-TENS (n = 29) | TENS (n = 30) |
|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 58.2 ± 5.63 | 59.9 ± 6.41 |
| Female, no. (%) | 20 (69.0) | 23 (76.7) |
| Height, m | 1.60 ± 0.08 | 1.61 ± 0.08 |
| Mass, kg | 60.2 ± 12.6 | 57.2 ± 8.00 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 23.4 ± 4.03 | 22.1 ± 2.94 |
| Index knee K&L grade, no. (%) | ||
| Grade 0 | 12 (41.4) | 11 (36.7) |
| Grade 1 | 13 (44.8) | 14 (46.7) |
| Grade 2 | 4 (13.8) | 5 (16.7) |
| JKOM, points† | ||
| Pain and stiffness | 6.07 ± 3.29; 6 [0, 15]* | 7.90 ± 4.25; 7 [2, 22]* |
| Activities of daily living | 2.48 ± 3.10; 2 [0, 13]* | 3.47 ± 3.05; 3 [0, 14]* |
| Participation in social activities | 2.07 ± 1.62; 2 [0, 6]* | 2.80 ± 2.19; 2 [0, 9]* |
| General health conditions | 1.93 ± 0.84; 2 [0, 3]* | 2.00 ± 1.11; 2 [0, 4]* |
| Total score | 12.6 ± 6.29; 12 [3, 32]* | 16.2 ± 8.40; 14 [5, 49]* |
BMI, body mass index; JKOM, Japanese Knee Osteoarthritis Measure; K&L grade, Kellgren and Lawrence grade.
Values are presented as mean ± SD except where otherwise indicated.
*Median [lower range, upper range] was also provided because of the scattered distribution of the answered items.
†Higher JKOM scores indicate worse status.