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. 2020 Apr 29;10:7283. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-62984-y

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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4-OH-E₁ inhibits glutamate (GLU)-induced p53 transcriptional activity in HT22 hippocampal neuronal cells. (a) Cells are first pre-treated for 1 h with 10 μM PFT-α or vehicle, and then exposed to 5 mM glutamate with or without 4-OH-E₁ (5 µM) for additional 24 h before analysis of GADD45α mRNA level by using the real-time qPCR. Each bar is a mean ± S.D. (n = 3). *P < 0.05 versus the glutamate alone group. (b) Cells are treated with 5 mM glutamate with or without 4-OH-E₁ (5 μM) for the indicated length of time, and then cell lysates are subjected to Western blotting (upper panel) of GADD45α protein. (c) Cells receive the same treatments as in panel (b) and then are analyzed for mmunofluorescence staining of GADD45α protein in these cells. (d) Cells receive the same treatments as in panel (a) and then are analyzed (MTT assay) for cell viability. Each bar is mean ± S.D. (n = 6). *P < 0.05 versus the glutamate alone group.