Table 1.
Characteristics of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
| Variable | All | GOLD Group | p Value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Group A(n = 36) | Group B(n = 75) | Group C(n = 7) | Group D(n = 20) | |||
| Age in years | 72 (37–91) | 71 (37–87) | 72 (54–85) | 79 (65–82) | 73 (56–87) | 0.406 |
| Male | 131 (95) | 32 (89) | 73 (97) | 6 (86) | 20 (100) | 0.099 |
| Weight, kg | 63 (40–102) | 63.2 (43–87) | 62.9 (40–102) | 56 (49–71) | 66 (52–81) | 0.319 |
| Height, cm | 164 (146–180) | 162 (147–180) | 162.8 (146–180) | 165 (158–170) | 164.5 (158–172) | 0.567 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 23.2 (16–36.1) | 22.85 (19.4–29.1) | 23.7 (16–36.1) | 20.6 (19.1–21.6) | 24 (19.3–28.6) | 0.289 |
| FEV1, L | 1.46 (0.45–3.25) | 1.79 (0.75–3.25) | 1.35 (0.45–2.54) | 1.46 (0.85–2.32) | 1.36 (0.83–2.44) | 0.009 |
| FEV1, % predicted | 71.8 (22.3–131.1) | 80 (34.5–130.9) | 69.2 (22.3–131.1) | 75.7 (54.9–89.8) | 63.6 (32.3–124.4) | 0.014 |
| Smoking status | 0.576 | |||||
| Current smoker | 28 (20) | 10 (28) | 14 (19) | 1 (14) | 3 (15) | |
| Former smoker | 74 (54) | 18 (50) | 44 (59) | 3 (43) | 9 (45) | |
| Never smoker | 19 (14) | 3 (8) | 10 (13) | 2 (29) | 4 (20) | |
| mMRC dyspnea score | <0.001 | |||||
| Grade 0 | 4 (3) | 3 (8) | 1 (1) | 0 | 0 | |
| Grade 1 | 43 (31) | 33 (92) | 3 (4) | 7 (100) | 0 | |
| Grade 2 | 67 (49) | 0 | 56 (75) | 0 | 11 (55) | |
| Grade 3 | 24 (17) | 0 | 15 (20) | 0 | 9 (45) | |
| Grade 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| CAT score | <0.001 | |||||
| ≤10 | 106 (77) | 36 (100) | 51 (68) | 7 (100) | 12 (60) | |
| 11–20 | 29 (21) | 0 | 23 (31) | 0 | 6 (30) | |
| 21–30 | 3 (2) | 0 | 1 (1) | 0 | 2 (10) | |
| 31–40 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| Comorbidity | ||||||
| Cerebrovascular accident or neuromuscular disease | 12 (9) | 1 (3) | 10 (13) | 1 (14) | 0 | 0.120 |
| Head and neck tumor | 5 (4) | 2 (6) | 3 (4) | 0 | 0 | 0.698 |
| Cardiovascular diseases | 50 (36) | 7 (19) | 31 (41) | 2 (29) | 10 (50) | 0.070 |
| Asthma | 13 (9) | 2 (6) | 7 (9) | 1 (14) | 3 (15) | 0.670 |
| Hypertension | 65 (47) | 13 (36) | 40 (53) | 0 | 12 (60) | 0.015 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 36 (26) | 8 (22) | 17 (23) | 0 | 4 (20) | 0.566 |
Data presented as n (%) or median (range).
CAT, Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease assessment test; FEV1, forced expiratory volume in one second; GOLD: Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive; mMRC, modified medical research council.