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. 2020 Apr 23;11:609. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00609

FIGURE 2.

FIGURE 2

Virus-like particle immunization induces humoral immune response in mice. Mice were immunized thrice via s.c. route at 2 weeks’ interval with PPRV Tibet/30 VLPs, PPRV Nigeria 75/1 VLPs, or PBS, all with equal volume of adjuvant. Serum samples were collected 2, 4, 6, and 8 weeks after primary vaccination. (A) VNA titers were measured by virus neutralization assay. Dotted line represented antibody titers greater than 10, indicating positive serum conversion. (B–D) The specific anti-PPRV serum IgG and isotype responses were detected by ELISA. The serum dilution factor was 5,000. Serum IgG (B), IgG1 (C), and IgG2a (D), responses were determined 6 weeks after the primary immunization. (E) The IgG1/IgG2a ratio was calculated. (F,G) Serum was collected from mouse 6 weeks after the primary immunization for analyzing F- and H-specific antibodies by ELISA. Data were depicted as the means ± SD for seven mice from each group and were analyzed by one- or two-way ANOVA (*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001).