Table 1.
Participant Characteristics at Study Entry (N = 192)
| Characteristic | Total (n = 192) | Perinatally HIV Infected (n = 93) | HIV Uninfected (n = 99) | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 19 (18–20) | 19 (17–20) | 19 (18–20) | .36 |
| Ethnicity | 1.0 | |||
| Thai | 177 (92%) | 86 (92%) | 91 (92%) | … |
| Vietnamese | 15 (8%) | 7 (8%) | 8 (8%) | … |
| Living situation | <.001 | |||
| One or both parents | 84 (44%) | 24 (26%) | 60 (61%) | … |
| Relatives | 44 (23%) | 33 (35%) | 11 (11%) | … |
| Partner | 43 (22%) | 24 (26%) | 19 (19%) | … |
| Alone | 15 (8%) | 8 (9%) | 7 (7%) | … |
| Other, did not answer | 6 (3%) | 4 (4%) | 2 (2%) | … |
| Orphan status | <.001 | |||
| Not an orphan | 87 (45%) | 13 (14%) | 74 (75%) | … |
| Maternal or paternal orphan | 55 (29%) | 34 (37%) | 21 (21%) | … |
| Double orphan | 44 (23%) | 41 (44%) | 3 (3%) | … |
| Unknown | 6 (3%) | 5 (5%) | 1 (1%) | … |
| Current/highest education | .36 | |||
| Primary school | 20 (10%) | 10 (11%) | 10 (10%) | … |
| Secondary school | 141 (73%) | 72 (77%) | 69 (70%) | … |
| Beyond secondary school | 30 (16%) | 11 (12%) | 19 (19%) | … |
| Employment/school | .003 | |||
| Currently working | 73 (38%) | 42 (45%) | 31 (31%) | … |
| In school | 78 (41%) | 41 (44%) | 37 (37%) | … |
| Neither | 40 (21%) | 10 (11%) | 30 (30%) | … |
| Type of sexual relationships | … | |||
| Female–Male | 184 (99%) | 88 (100%) | 96 (99%) | 1.00 |
| Female–Female | 13 (7%) | 8 (9%) | 5 (5%) | .39 |
| Did not answer | 7 (4%) | 5 (5%) | 2 (2%) | … |
| Prior sexual activity by route | ||||
| Anal receptive | 5 (3%) | 4 (4%) | 1 (1%) | .20 |
| Oral receptive | 42 (22%) | 19 (21%) | 23 (23%) | .73 |
| Lifetime partners | 2 (1–3) | 2 (1–3) | 2 (1–3) | .76 |
| Partners in past 6 months | 1 (1–1) | 1 (1–1) | 1 (1–1) | .74 |
| Monthly frequency of sex in past 3 months | .34 | |||
| ≤5 times | 107 (56%) | 56 (60%) | 51 (52%) | … |
| 6–10 times | 32 (17%) | 11 (12%) | 21 (21%) | … |
| 11–20 times | 13 (7%) | 5 (5%) | 8 (8%) | … |
| >20 times | 21 (11%) | 11 (12%) | 10 (10%) | … |
| Did not answer | 19 (10%) | 10 (11%) | 9 (9%) | |
| Condom use with vaginal sex in past 6 months | <.001 | |||
| Always | 42 (22%) | 31 (33%) | 11 (11%) | … |
| Sometimes | 93 (48%) | 50 (54%) | 43 (43%) | … |
| Never | 52 (27%) | 10 (11%) | 42 (42%) | … |
| No recent sex | 5 (3%) | 2 (2%) | 3 (3%) | … |
| Ever been pregnant | 75 (39%) | 31 (33%) | 44 (44%) | .14 |
| Asymptomatic sexually transmitted infections at baseline | ||||
| Chlamydia trachomatis | 44 (23%) | 24 (26%) | 20 (20%) | .39 |
| Neisseria gonorrhoea | 5 (3%) | 5 (5%) | 0 (0%) | .03 |
| Syphilis | 4/190 (2%) | 2/92 (2%) | 2/98 (2%) | 1.0 |
| Herpes simplex virus 2 | 3 (2%) | 0 (0%) | 3 (3%) | .25 |
| Any cervical HPV | 98 (51%) | 58 (62%) | 40 (40%) | .003 |
| Any cervical HR HPV | 69 (36%) | 40 (43%) | 29 (29%) | .05 |
| Any vaginal HPV | 110/190 (58%) | 62/91 (68%) | 48 (48%) | .01 |
| Any vaginal HR HPV | 80/190 (42%) | 45/91 (49%) | 35 (35%) | .06 |
| Any anal HPV | 94/191 (49%) | 54 (58%) | 40/98 (41%) | .02 |
| Any anal HR HPV | 62/191 (32%) | 39 (42%) | 23/98 (23%) | .008 |
| Any anogenital HPV | 133 (69%) | 74 (80%) | 59 (60%) | .003 |
| Any anogenital HR HPV | 99 (52%) | 56 (60%) | 43 (43%) | .02 |
| Any oral HPV | 18/190 (9%) | 10/91 (11%) | 8 (8%) | .62 |
| Any oral HR HPV | 9/190 (5%) | 5/91 (5%) | 4 (4%) | .74 |
Characteristics are described as median (interquartile range or N [%]). Percentages are rounded and may not total 100%. Where test results were invalid or not performed, the denominator is shown.
Abbreviations: HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; HPV, human papillomavirus; HR, high risk.