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. 2020 Apr 23;11:407. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00407

TABLE 1.

List of significant biological barriers to ingested RNAs in humans.

Biological Barriers
Gastrointestinal Systemic Cellular
Saliva Vascular endothelium Cellular and nuclear membrane barriers
Stomach acids/Digestive enzymes Serum nucleases Endosomes and lysosomes
Pancreatic nucleases Renal filtration and elimination Sufficient sequence identity
GI epithelium and tight junctions Tissue epithelium Gene target accessibility