IRF-1 expression reverses chemotherapy resistance, while RAD51 rescues chemotherapy resistance in vivo. (A) Images showing tumours in different groups after chemotherapy and graphs depicting tumour volumes (B) and weights (C) of the different groups after injecting MKN45/Lv-null, MKN45/Lv-IRF-1, and MKN45/Lv-IRF-1 plus RAD51 cells into nude mice. Tumour volumes were measured every 7 days (tumour volume = 1/2 × length × width2). Western blotting (D) and immunohistochemical (E) detection of the expression levels of IRF-1 and RAD51. Scale bars, 100 μm. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, and ***P < 0.001.