Wnt signaling regulates macrophage polarization and cell recruitment to rough Ti implants. C57Bl/6 mice were treated with Wnt-C59 or DMSO vehicle for 3d prior to and every other day following implantation. Csf1r-iCre+; Wlsfl/fl experimental mice and Csf1r-iCre-; Wlsfl/fl littermate control mice were injected with tamoxifen for 5d prior to implantation (n=6 per group). Cells were isolated from implant surfaces 7d post-operatively and subjected to flow cytometry. A) Total Macrophages were identified as CD68+, Pro-Inflammatory as CD68+/CD80+, and AntiInflammatory as CD68+/CD206+. B) MSCs were identified as CD11b-/Sca-1+/CD105+, CD4 T-cells as CD3+/CD4+, and CD8 T-cells as CD3+/CD8a+. p<0.05: # vs. Control, $ vs. Vehicle, A vs. Wlsfl/fl.