Table 3.
Complications in the robotic assisted proctectomy group and laparoscopic assisted proctectomy group, n (%)
| Complications | RAP (n = 293) | LAP (n = 293) | P value |
| Patients with complications | 39 (13.3) | 46 (15.7) | 0.4121 |
| Single complication | 31 (10.6) | 35 (11.9) | 0.6011 |
| Multiple complications | 8 (2.7) | 11 (3.8) | 0.4841 |
| Overall complications | 47 (16.0) | 57 (19.5) | 0.280 1 |
| Wound infection | 8 (27) | 6 (2.0) | 0.5881 |
| Delayed gastric emptying | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.3) | 1.0003 |
| Intestinal obstruction | 2 (0.7) | 3 (1.0) | 1.0002 |
| Intra-abdominal hemorrhage | 1 (0.3) | 2 (0.7) | 1.0002 |
| Anastomotic leakage | 13 (4.4) | 14 (4.8) | 0.8441 |
| Anastomotic bleeding | 1 (0.3) | 1 (0.3) | 1.0002 |
| Pneumonia | 4 (1.4) | 5 (1.7) | 1.0002 |
| Pleural effusion | 1 (0.3) | 1 (0.3) | 1.0002 |
| Infection of presacral space | 1 (0.3) | 5 (1.7) | 0.2182 |
| Intra-abdominal infections | 1 (0.3) | 2 (0.7) | 1.000 2 |
| Infection of incision in perineum | 6 (2.0) | 5 (1.7) | 0.7611 |
| Small intestinal fistula | 1 (0.3) | 1 (0.3) | 1.0002 |
| Peristomal wound infection | 1 (0.3) | 0 (0.0) | 1.0003 |
| Necrosis of enterostomy | 1 (0.3) | 0 (0.0) | 1.0003 |
| Urinary retention | 6 (2.0) | 10 (3.4) | 0.3111 |
| Cerebral infarction | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.3) | 1.0003 |
| Clavien-Dindo classification | |||
| I | 15 (5.1) | 16 (5.5) | 0.8541 |
| II | 13 (4.4) | 20 (6.8) | 0.2101 |
| IIIa | 14 (4.8) | 16 (5.5) | 0.7081 |
| IIIb | 4 (1.4) | 3 (1.0) | 1.0002 |
| V | 1 (0.3) | 2 (0.7) | 1.0002 |
| ≥ III | 19 (6.5) | 21 (7.2) | 0.7431 |
| Reoperation | 4 (1.4) | 3 (1.0) | 1.0002 |
| Mortality | 1 (0.3) | 2 (0.7) | 1.0002 |
| Unplanned readmission within 30 d after operation | 2 (0.7) | 5 (1.7) | 0.4472 |
1
Pearson's Chi-squared test.
2
Continuous correction Chi-squared test.
3
Fisher’s exact test. LAP: Laparoscopic assisted proctectomy; RAP: Robotic assisted proctectomy.