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Vanillic acid (VA) pretreatment inhibits apoptosis in H9c2 cells exposed to hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R), while AMPKα2-siRNA abrogates this effect. (a) Representative dot plots of flow cytometry (x-axis and y-axis represent Annexin V and PI staining, respectively). (b) Evaluation of apoptotic cell populations. Data are expressed as the mean ± SEM, n = 3. ∗∗p < 0.01 vs. control group; ▲▲p < 0.01 vs. H/R group; ##p < 0.01 vs. VA+H/R group.
