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Metformin ameliorates oxidative stress and neuroinflammation in APP/PS1 mice. The level of (a) MDA and the activity of (b) SOD in the brain of APP/PS1 mice. The levels of (a) IL-1β and (b) IL-6 in the brain of APP/PS1 mice. Experimental values were expressed as the mean ± SEM (n = 6 per group). ∗p < 0.05, ∗∗p < 0.01, and ∗∗∗p < 0.001 vs. WT; #p < 0.05, ##p < 0.01, and ###p < 0.001 vs. APP/PS1.
