Table 3.
Logistic regression analysis assessing the relationships of gender with diabetic retinopathy.
| Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR | 95% CI | P value | OR | 95% CI | P value | |
| Male | 1 | — | — | — | — | — |
| Female | 1.104 | 1.023-1.191 | 0.011 | 1.096 | 1.013-1.186 | 0.023 |
| Hypertension | 1.215 | 1.120-1.318 | <0.001 | |||
| Age | 0.993 | 0.990-0.997 | 0.001 | |||
| Duration of diabetes | 1.069 | 1.062-1.075 | <0.001 | |||
| Regional economic level—T1 | 1 | — | — | |||
| Regional economic level—T2 | 0.712 | 0.618-0.819 | <0.001 | |||
| Regional economic level—T3 | 0.730 | 0.673-0.792 | <0.001 | |||
Results are given as odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (OR; 95% CI). The subjects were divided into nondiabetic retinopathy (DR) and DR. Gender was analyzed in the univariate logistic regression analysis, using male as the reference group. Then, a multivariate logistic regression analysis was adjusted for age, duration of diabetes, hypertension, and regional economic level.