Table 3. Cost of Selected Biorefinery Processing Routes.
| product | route | Ckbp (USD/kg) | refs |
|---|---|---|---|
| ethanol | fermentation | 0.36 | (5) |
| succinic acid | fermentation | 0.38 | (24) |
| hydrogen | dark fermentation | 1.75 | (34) |
| butanol | ABE fermentation | 1.24 | (35) |
| biogas | anaerobic digestion | 0.36 | (7) |
| levulinic acid | acid dehydration | 0.50 | (32) |
| bio-oil | pyrolysis | 0.28 | (7) |
| hydrogen | gasification | 0.39 | (7) |