Table 1.
Included articles in review
| 1st author, Year of publication | Country | Study aim | Study population (sample size) | Name of QI set | Number of QIs | Development and validation process of QI set |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hirdes, 2004 [37] | Canada and USA | To develop home care QIs based on RAI-HC. | Persons receiving home care services for at least 30 days (n = 14,293 clients) | interRAI’s 1st generation QI set | Total: 22 Outcome: 19 Process: 3 |
Step 1: Identification of candidate QIs based on literature review, focus groups and expert meetings. Step 2: Ranking of QIs by investigators. Step 3: Empirical testing of QIs (denominator size, relative frequency and variation) and development of risk adjustment based on cross-national data. |
| Dalby, 2005 [38] | Canada | To explore the effect of risk adjustment for interRAI’s 1st generation QI set. | Persons aged 18 years and older receiving home care services (n = 22 HCOs) | interRAI’s 1st generation QI set | Total: 22 Outcome: 19 Process: 3 | No QI development, but investigation of three approaches of risk adjustment and comparison of unadjusted and risk-adjusted QI rates. |
| Burla, 2010 [29] | Switzerland | To develop and examine home care QIs based on RAI-HC for Switzerland. | Persons aged 18 years and older receiving home care services (n = 1808 clients, 45 HCOs) | Swiss RAI-HC QI set | Total: 29 Outcome: 27 Process: 2 |
Step 1: Identification of candidate QIs based on interRAI’s 1st generation QI set and development of new QIs for the Swiss context. Step 2: Rating of QIs in focus groups with health care professionals (nominal group technique). Step 3: Empirical testing of QIs (denominator size, relative frequency and variation) based on Swiss home care data. Step 4: Interrater reliability testing of subset of QIs. |
| Morris, 2013 [30] | Europe, Canada, USA | To develop 2nd generation home care QIs based on RAI-HC. | Persons aged 65 years and older receiving home care services (n = 335,544 clients, 1654 HCOs) | interRAI’s 2nd generation QI set | Total: 23 Outcome: 22 Process: 1 |
Step 1: Identification of candidate QIs based on interRAI’s 1st generation QI set and QIs from other settings. Step 2: Evaluation of QIs by representatives of HCOs in one-on-one discussions and focus groups. Review of QIs by interRAI’s cross-national program development committee. Step 3: Empirical testing of QIs (denominator size, relative frequency, variation, factor analysis) and development of risk adjustment based on cross-national data. |
Abbreviations: QI Quality indicator, RAI-HC Resident Assessment Instrument-Home Care, HCO Home care organization