Fig. 1.

Schematic diagram of PK/PD modeling with Bayesian adaptive support tools using fluconazole as an example in a two week old infant born at 24 weeks gestation. Patient data (gestational age of 24 weeks, post-natal age of 2 weeks, and not on ECMO) are incorporated into the PK/PD model to target drug exposure based on the exposure-response relationship. When drug plasma level is outside the target range or clinical response is suboptimal, the drug concentration is input into the model to further refine the dosing regimen. This can be repeated if the desired outcome is not reached or the patient’s clinical status changes