Table 2.
Characteristics of parous obese women undergoing elective induction of labor compared to expectant management
| eIOL | EM | eIOL | EM | eIOL | EM | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 390/7 -393/7 | >393/7 | 400/7 -403/7 | >403/7 | 410/7 -413/7 | >413/7 | |
| Parous women | (n=1,615) | (n=4,048) | (n=1,849) | (n=1,388) | (n=723) | (n=166) |
| Age (years) | 29.1 ± 5.0* | 28.4 ± 5.5 | 28.8 ± 5.5* | 28.0 ± 5.5 | 28.1 ± 5.6 | 28.5 ± 6.1 |
| Pre-pregnancy BMI class | ||||||
| Class I | 944 (58.5) | 2,456 (60.7) | 1114 (60.3) | 851 (61.3) | 463 (64.0) | 106 (63.9) |
| Class II | 430 (26.6) | 972 (24.0) | 467 (25.3) | 308 (22.2) | 156 (21.6) | 32 (19.3) |
| Class III | 241 (14.9) | 620 (15.3) | 268 (14.5) | 229 (16.5) | 104 (14.4) | 28 (16.9) |
| BMI on admission | 38.9 ± 5.3 | 39.3 ± 5.3 | 39.2 ± 5.3* | 39.6 ± 5.3 | 39.2 ± 5.1 | 39.9 ± 5.4 |
| Race | ||||||
| Non Hispanic White | 1,044 (64.6)* | 1,467 (36.2) | 718 (38.8)* | 422 (30.4) | 234 (32.4)* | 46 (27.7) |
| Non Hispanic Black | 264 (16.3)* | 1,370 (33.8) | 553 (29.9)* | 516 (37.2) | 244 (33.7)* | 62 (37.4) |
| Hispanic | 219 (13.6)* | 941 (23.2) | 428 (23.2)* | 356 (25.6) | 192 (26.6)* | 46 (27.7) |
| Other | 53 (3.3)* | 176 (4.3) | 102 (5.5)* | 59 (4.3) | 31 (4.3)* | 9 (5.4) |
| Missing | 35 (2.2)* | 94 (2.3) | 48 (2.6)* | 35 (2.5) | 22 (3.0)* | 3 (1.8) |
| Marital Status | ||||||
| Married | 1,182 (73.1)* | 2,052 (50.7) | 1,026 (55.5)* | 621 (40.7) | 335 (46.3) | 65 (39.2) |
| Divorced/Widowed | 46 (2.9)* | 101 (2.5) | 35 (1.9)* | 46 (3.3) | 23 (3.2) | 4 (2.4) |
| Single | 361 (22.4)* | 1,777 (43.9) | 728 (39.4)* | 674 (48.6) | 338 (46.8) | 88 (53.0) |
| Missing | 26 (1.6)* | 118 (2.9) | 60 (3.2)* | 47 (3.4) | 27 (3.7 ) | 9 (5.4) |
| Cigarette use during Pregnancy | 96 (6.0)* | 395 (9.8) | 171 (9.3) | 145 (10.5) | 76 (10.5) | 20 (12.1) |
| Alcohol use during Pregnancy | 33 (2.0) | 86 (2.1) | 29 (1.6) | 31 (2.2) | 13 (1.8)* | 8 (4.8) |
| Illicit drug use during Pregnancy | 16 (1.1)* | 94 (2.7) | 38 (2.5) | 31 (2.6) | 15 (2.5)* | 3 (2.2) |
| Simplified Bishop score ≤4 on admission† | 74/854 (8.7)* | 95/1,021 (9.3) | 41/530 (7.7)* | 37/258 (14.3) | 27/149 (18.1) | 1/16 (6.3) |
| Indications for primary cesarean delivery | (n=88) | (n=410) | (n=178) | (n=165) | (n=80) | (n=27) |
| Elective | 7 (7.9) | 61 (14.9) | 27 (15.2) | 25 (15.2) | 13 (16.2) | 4 (14.8) |
| Non reassuring FHTs | 32 (36.4) | 133 (32.4) | 40 (22.4) | 60 (36.3) | 27 (33.8) | 10 (37.0) |
| Failure to progress | 49 (55.7) | 215 (52.4) | 85 (47.8) | 66 (40.0) | 32 (40.0) | 10 (37.0) |
| Chorioamnionitis | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.3) | 1 (0.6) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) |
| Unknown/missing | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 25 (14.0) | 14 (8.5) | 8 (10.0) | 3 (11.2) |
| Male sex | 779 (48.2) | 2,014 (49.7) | 957 (51.7) | 664 (47.8) | 355 (49.1) | 74 (44.6) |
All data presented as mean standard deviation or N (%)
*
= p<0.05 for comparison of elective labor induction versus expectant management at the given gestational age
†
= The denominator excludes deliveries with missing data for this variable
eIOL, elective induction of labor; EM, expectant management; BMI, body mass index; FHT: fetal heart tones
Class I obesity =BMI of 30.0–34.9, Class II obesity=BMI of 35.0–39.9, Class III=BMI of ≥40