Table 2.
Urine TB Diagnostic Test Results by Disease Category
| Urine TB Testing Details | Cryptococcal Meningitis | TBM (Confirmed) | TBM (Probable) | Unknown Othera | P Valueb |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | 198 | 40 | 22 | 88 | |
| Urine TB-LAM | |||||
| Tested with TB-LAM, N | 183 | 38 | 22 | 84 | |
| Urine TB-LAM positive, n (%) | 40 (21.9%) | 14 (36.8%) | 9 (40.9%) | 12 (14.3%) | <.01 |
| LAM Grade 1 | 25 (13.7%) | 5 (13.2%) | 4 (18.2%) | 7 (8.3%) | |
| LAM Grade 2 | 9 (4.9%) | 0 (0.0%) | 4 (18.2%) | 4 (4.8%) | |
| LAM Grade 3 | 5 (2.7%) | 7 (18.4%) | 1 (4.5%) | 0 (0.0%) | |
| LAM Grade 4 | 1 (0.5%) | 2 (5.3%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (1.2%) | |
| Urine Xpert Ultra | |||||
| Tested with Xpert Ultra, N | 135 | 37 | 19 | 73 | |
| Urine Xpert Ultra positive, n (%) | 6 (4.4%) | 15 (40.5%) | 4 (21.1%) | 4 (5.5%) | <.001 |
| Semiquantitative trace | 1 (0.7%) | 4 (10.8%) | 1 (5.3%) | 0 (0.0%) | |
| Semiquantitative very low | 1 (0.7%) | 4 (10.8%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (1.4%) | |
| Semiquantitative low | 2 (1.5%) | 4 (10.8%) | 3 (15.8%) | 0 (0.0%) | |
| Semiquantitative medium | 0 (0.0%) | 2 (5.4%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (1.4%) | |
| Grade unknown | 2 (1.5%) | 1 (2.7%) | 0 (0.0%) | 2 (2.7%) | |
| Either TB Test Positive | |||||
| TB-LAM and/or Xpert Ultra positive | 44 (22%) | 20 (50%) | 11 (50%) | 15 (17%) | <.001 |
Abbreviations: TB, tuberculosis; TB-LAM, TB-lipoarabinomannan; TBM, tuberculous meningitis.
aIncludes possible and nontuberculous meningitis diagnoses.
b P value assessed by χ 2 distribution of LAM positivity and Ultra positivity across disease groups.