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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Apr 30.
Published in final edited form as: Prof Inferm. 2019 Jul-Sep;72(3):203–212. doi: 10.7429/pi.2019.723203

Table 2.

Study Indicators

STUDY INDICATORS
Resource utilization/health outcomes indicators* - Number of unplanned diabetes medical referral per year
- Number of all-cause accesses to emergency departments per year,
- Number of all-cause hospitalizations per year;
- Death.

Clinical Indicators* - Time from the diagnosis of T2DM
- Presence or absence and number of diabetes-related complications
- Presence or absence and number of co-morbidities;
- Ongoing medications and number of medications (or injections if patients are treated by insulin);
- Smoking habits;
- Glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c);
- Lipid Profile (Total Cholesterol, HDL Cholesterol, LDL Cholesterol, Triglycerides);
- Liver Profile (ALT, AST, GGT)
- Renal Profile (Creatinine, estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate);
- Height, weight, abdominal circumference and Body Mass Index (BMI);
- Presence of insulin lipodystrophy;
- Arterial Blood Pressure and Hearth Rate.

- Self-care confidence (measured by the Self-Care of Diabetes Index, SCODI);
Person-centered indicators - Self-care maintenance of diabetes (measured by the Self-Care of Diabetes Index, SCODI);
- Self-care monitoring of diabetes (measured by the Self-Care of Diabetes Index, SCODI);
- Self-care management of diabetes (measured by the Self-Care of Diabetes Index, SCODI);
- Functional status (measured by the SF12 questionnaire);
- Cognitive status (measured by the SF12 questionnaire);
- Quality of life (measured by the EQ-5D-3L Quality of life Questionnaire);
- Diabetes-related distress (measured by the Problem Areas in Diabetes Questionnaire Short Form, PAID-5);
- Sleep quality (measured by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, PSQI).

- Age;
Socio-demographic indicators* - Gender;
- Educational level;
- Employment status;
- Income level;
- Presence of formal or informal caregiver.